Convert a string from one character set to another.
Syntax
      convert( string , char_set_to , [ char_set_from ] )
Key
   string         String to be converted
   char_set_to    Character set to convert to.
   char_set_from  Character set to convert from.
Common character sets: 
WE8ISO8859P1 ISO 8859-1 West European 8-bit character set
US7ASCII  US 7-bit ASCII character set
JA16SJIS Japanese 16-bit Shifted Japanese Industrial Standard
The database character encoding scheme   is defined as part of the CREATE DATABASE statement. 
All SQL CHAR datatype columns (CHAR, CLOB, VARCHAR2, and LONG), including columns in the data dictionary, have their data stored in the database character set. In addition, the  character set determines which characters can be used to name objects in the database.
Example
SQL> SELECT CONVERT('SÄMPLE TÊXT','US7ASCII','WE8ISO8859P1') FROM dual;
Related
Oracle SQL Functions
TO_NUMBER - Convert to numeric format
  TO_CHAR - Convert to character String
  TO_DATE - Convert to date format