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2 Maccabees 10

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1 Μακκαβαῖος δὲ καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ τοῦ κυρίου προάγοντος αὐτοὺς τὸ μὲν ἱερὸν ἐκομίσαντο καὶ τὴν πόλιν 2 τοὺς δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἀγορὰν βωμοὺς ὑπὸ τῶν ἀλλοφύλων δεδημιουργημένους ἔτι δὲ τεμένη καθεῖλαν 3 καὶ τὸν νεὼ καθαρίσαντες ἕτερον θυσιαστήριον ἐποίησαν καὶ πυρώσαντες λίθους καὶ πῦρ ἐκ τούτων λαβόντες ἀνήνεγκαν θυσίας μετὰ διετῆ χρόνον καὶ θυμίαμα καὶ λύχνους καὶ τῶν ἄρτων τὴν πρόθεσιν ἐποιήσαντο 4 ταῦτα δὲ ποιήσαντες ἠξίωσαν τὸν κύριον πεσόντες ἐπὶ κοιλίαν μηκέτι περιπεσεῖν τοιούτοις κακοῖς ἀλ{L'} ἐάν ποτε καὶ ἁμάρτωσιν ὑ{P'} αὐτοῦ μετὰ ἐπιεικείας παιδεύεσθαι καὶ μὴ βλασφήμοις καὶ βαρβάροις ἔθνεσιν παραδίδοσθαι 5 ἐν ᾗ δὲ ἡμέρᾳ ὁ νεὼς ὑπὸ ἀλλοφύλων ἐβεβηλώθη συνέβη κατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν ἡμέραν τὸν καθαρισμὸν γενέσθαι τοῦ ναοῦ τῇ πέμπτῃ καὶ εἰκάδι τοῦ αὐτοῦ μηνός ὅς ἐστιν Χασελευ 6 καὶ με{T'} εὐφροσύνης ἦγον ἡμέρας ὀκτὼ σκηνωμάτων τρόπον μνημονεύοντες ὡς πρὸ μικροῦ χρόνου τὴν τῶν σκηνῶν ἑορτὴν ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσιν καὶ ἐν τοῖς σπηλαίοις θηρίων τρόπον ἦσαν νεμόμενοι 7 διὸ θύρσους καὶ κλάδους ὡραίους ἔτι δὲ καὶ φοίνικας ἔχοντες ὕμνους ἀνέφερον τῷ εὐοδώσαντι καθαρισθῆναι τὸν ἑαυτοῦ τόπον 8 ἐδογμάτισαν δὲ μετὰ κοινοῦ προστάγματος καὶ ψηφίσματος παντὶ τῷ τῶν Ιουδαίων ἔθνει κα{T'} ἐνιαυτὸν ἄγειν τάσδε τὰς ἡμέρας

1 Meanwhile, God aiding, Machabaeus and his followers had recovered both temple and city. 2 Down came the altars Gentile folk had set up in the open streets, down came the shrines, 3 and the temple was purged of its defilement. They made a fresh altar, struck fire from flint, and offered sacrifice again after two years’ intermission; rose incense, burned lamp, loaves were set out on the sacred table once more. 4 Then, bowing down to earth, they made petition to the Lord, never again such calamity might overtake them; sin if they did, himself in his great mercy should chastise them, not hand them over into the cruel power of blasphemous enemies. 5 It so fell out, that the temple was purified on the twenty-fifth day of Casleu, the very time of its profanation by the Gentiles. 6 Eight days of rejoicing they kept, with such ceremonies as belong to the feast of Tent-dwelling; it was a feast of tent-dwelling indeed they had kept a while back, when they lodged like beasts among the hill-side caverns! 7 Now that God had made the way clear for his temple’s cleansing, what wonder if they set up in his honour branches, and green boughs, and arbours of palm? 8 What wonder if a decree was passed, by common consent, all Jewry should keep the festival year by year?

1 Machabæus autem, et qui cum eo erant, Domino se protegente, templum quidem et civitatem recepit: 2 aras autem quas alienigenæ per plateas exstruxerant, itemque delubra demolitus est: 3 et purgato templo, aliud altare fecerunt, et de ignitis lapidibus igne concepto sacrificia obtulerunt post biennium, et incensum, et lucernas, et panes propositionis posuerunt. 4 Quibus gestis, rogabant Dominum prostrati in terram, ne amplius talibus malis inciderent: sed et, siquando peccassent, ut ab ipso mitius corriperentur, et non barbaris ac blasphemis hominibus traderentur. 5 Qua die autem templum ab alienigenis pollutum fuerat, contigit eadem die purificationem fieri, vigesima quinta mensis qui fuit Casleu. 6 Et cum lætitia diebus octo egerunt in modum tabernaculorum, recordantes quod ante modicum temporis diem solemnem tabernaculorum in montibus et in speluncis more bestiarum egerant. 7 Propter quod thyrsos, et ramos virides, et palmas præferebant ei qui prosperavit mundari locum suum. 8 Et decreverunt communi præcepto et decreto universæ genti Judæorum omnibus annis agere dies istos.

9 καὶ τὰ μὲν τῆς Ἀντιόχου τοῦ προσαγορευθέντος Ἐπιφανοῦς τελευτῆς οὕτως εἶχεν 10 νυνὶ δὲ τὰ κατὰ τὸν Εὐπάτορα Ἀντίοχον υἱὸν δὲ τοῦ ἀσεβοῦς γενόμενον δηλώσομεν αὐτὰ συντέμνοντες τὰ συνέχοντα τῶν πολέμων κακά 11 οὗτος γὰρ παραλαβὼν τὴν βασιλείαν ἀνέδειξεν ἐπὶ τῶν πραγμάτων Λυσίαν τινά Κοίλης δὲ Συρίας καὶ Φοινίκης στρατηγὸν πρώταρχον 12 Πτολεμαῖος γὰρ ὁ καλούμενος Μάκρων τὸ δίκαιον συντηρεῖν προηγούμενος πρὸς τοὺς Ιουδαίους διὰ τὴν γεγονυῖαν εἰς αὐτοὺς ἀδικίαν ἐπειρᾶτο τὰ πρὸς αὐτοὺς εἰρηνικῶς διεξάγειν 13 ὅθεν κατηγορούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν φίλων πρὸς τὸν Εὐπάτορα καὶ προδότης πα{R'} ἕκαστα ἀκούων διὰ τὸ τὴν Κύπρον ἐμπιστευθέντα ὑπὸ τοῦ Φιλομήτορος ἐκλιπεῖν καὶ πρὸς Ἀντίοχον τὸν Ἐπιφανῆ ἀναχωρῆσαι μήτε εὐγενῆ τὴν ἐξουσίαν εὐγενίσας φαρμακεύσας ἑαυτὸν ἐξέλιπεν τὸν βίον 14 Γοργίας δὲ γενόμενος στρατηγὸς τῶν τόπων ἐξενοτρόφει καὶ πα{R'} ἕκαστα πρὸς τοὺς Ιουδαίους ἐπολεμοτρόφει 15 ὁμοῦ δὲ τούτῳ καὶ οἱ Ιδουμαῖοι ἐγκρατεῖς ἐπικαίρων ὀχυρωμάτων ὄντες ἐγύμναζον τοὺς Ιουδαίους καὶ τοὺς φυγαδεύσαντας ἀπὸ Ιεροσολύμων προσλαβόμενοι πολεμοτροφεῖν ἐπεχείρουν

9 Now the story is told, how Antiochus called the Illustrious came by his end, 10 turn we to his son, Antiochus Eupator, that was born of a very ill father;[1] record we in brief the history of his reign, and the hazards of war that went with it. 11 Upon his accession, this king entrusted all the business of the realm to one Lysias, commander of the forces in Phoenice and Coelesyria. 12 With Ptolemy, that was called Macer, we are concerned no more; fain would he have made amends to the Jews for the wrong done them, and kept their friendship, 13 but for that very reason he was denounced to Eupator by his courtiers. He was a traitor, they said, twice over, false to his trust, when Philometor left him in charge of Cyprus, and now weary of his new allegiance to Antiochus the Illustrious! Whereupon he put an end to his own life by poison. 14 When Gorgias was given command of the district, he was for ever making war on the Jews, with mercenaries to aid him; 15 and there were natives of the country besides,[2] well entrenched in their strongholds, that gave welcome to deserters from Jerusalem, and so fanned the flames of enmity.

9 Et Antiochi quidem, qui appellatus est Nobilis, vitæ excessus ita se habuit. 10 Nunc autem de Eupatore Antiochi impii filio quæ gesta sunt narrabimus, breviantes mala quæ in bellis gesta sunt. 11 Hic enim suscepto regno, constituit super negotia regni Lysiam quemdam, Phœnicis et Syriæ militiæ principem. 12 Nam Ptolemæus, qui dicebatur Macer, justi tenax erga Judæos esse constituit, et præcipue propter iniquitatem quæ facta erat in eos, et pacifice agere cum eis. 13 Sed ob hoc accusatus ab amicis apud Eupatorem, cum frequenter proditor audiret, eo quod Cyprum creditam sibi a Philometore deseruisset, et ad Antiochum Nobilem translatus etiam ab eo recessisset, veneno vitam finivit. 14 Gorgias autem cum esset dux locorum, assumptis advenis, frequenter Judæos debellabat. 15 Judæi vero qui tenebant opportunas munitiones, fugatos ab Jerosolymis suscipiebant, et bellare tentabant.

16 οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον ποιησάμενοι λιτανείαν καὶ ἀξιώσαντες τὸν θεὸν σύμμαχον αὐτοῖς γενέσθαι ἐπὶ τὰ τῶν Ιδουμαίων ὀχυρώματα ὥρμησαν 17 οἷς καὶ προσβαλόντες εὐρώστως ἐγκρατεῖς ἐγένοντο τῶν τόπων πάντας τε τοὺς ἐπὶ τῷ τείχει μαχομένους ἠμύναντο κατέσφαζόν τε τοὺς ἐμπίπτοντας ἀνεῖλον δὲ οὐχ ἧττον τῶν δισμυρίων 18 συμφυγόντων δὲ οὐκ ἔλαττον τῶν ἐνακισχιλίων εἰς δύο πύργους ὀχυροὺς εὖ μάλα καὶ πάντα τὰ πρὸς πολιορκίαν ἔχοντας 19 ὁ Μακκαβαῖος εἰς ἐπείγοντας τόπους ἀπολιπὼν Σιμωνα καὶ Ιωσηπον ἔτι δὲ καὶ Ζακχαῖον καὶ τοὺς σὺν αὐτῷ ἱκανοὺς πρὸς τὴν τούτων πολιορκίαν αὐτὸς ἐχωρίσθη 20 οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Σιμωνα φιλαργυρήσαντες ὑπό τινων τῶν ἐν τοῖς πύργοις ἐπείσθησαν ἀργυρίῳ ἑπτάκις δὲ μυρίας δραχμὰς λαβόντες εἴασάν τινας διαρρυῆναι 21 προσαγγελέντος δὲ τῷ Μακκαβαίῳ περὶ τοῦ γεγονότος συναγαγὼν τοὺς ἡγουμένους τοῦ λαοῦ κατηγόρησεν ὡς ἀργυρίου πέπρακαν τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς τοὺς πολεμίους κα{T'} αὐτῶν ἀπολύσαντες 22 τούτους μὲν οὖν προδότας γενομένους ἀπέκτεινεν καὶ παραχρῆμα τοὺς δύο πύργους κατελάβετο 23 τοῖς δὲ ὅπλοις τὰ πάντα ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν εὐοδούμενος ἀπώλεσεν ἐν τοῖς δυσὶν ὀχυρώμασιν πλείους τῶν δισμυρίων

16 And now the followers of Machabaeus, after prayer made for the divine assistance, delivered an attack upon the Edomite strongholds. 17 These, by a very courageous assault, they occupied, and cut down all they met, putting not less than twenty thousand men to the sword; 18 but there were two fortresses yet remaining, into which the survivors threw themselves, well provided with means of defence. 19 Machabaeus himself went off to fight other battles of greater moment, leaving Simon, Joseph and Zacchaeus, with a strong force under their command, to carry on the siege. 20 And here the avarice of Simon’s men was their undoing; for a bribe of seventy thousand silver pieces, they allowed some of the defenders to escape. 21 Machabaeus no sooner heard of it, than he summoned the leaders of the people, and arraigned the guilty men in their presence; what, would they sell their brethren’s lives, by letting the enemies of their race go free? 22 So he put these traitors to death; and for the strongholds, he conquered both of them at a blow, 23 so carrying all before him by force of arms, that more than twenty thousand of the defenders perished.

16 Hi vero qui erant cum Machabæo, per orationes Dominum rogantes ut esset sibi adjutor, impetum fecerunt in munitiones Idumæorum: 17 multaque vi insistentes, loca obtinuerunt, occurrentes interemerunt, et omnes simul non minus viginti millibus trucidaverunt. 18 Quidam autem cum confugissent in duas turres valde munitas, omnem apparatum ad repugnandum habentes, 19 Machabæus ad eorum expugnationem relicto Simone, et Josepho, itemque Zachæo, eisque qui cum ipsis erant satis multis, ipse ad eas quæ amplius perurgebant pugnas conversus est. 20 Hi vero qui cum Simone erant, cupiditate ducti, a quibusdam qui in turribus erant, suasi sunt pecunia: et septuaginta millibus didrachmis acceptis, dimiserunt quosdam effugere. 21 Cum autem Machabæo nuntiatum esset quod factum est, principibus populi congregatis accusavit quod pecunia fratres vendidissent, adversariis eorum dimissis. 22 Hos igitur proditores factos interfecit, et confestim duas turres occupavit. 23 Armis autem ac manibus omnia prospere agendo in duabus munitionibus plus quam viginti millia peremit.

24 Τιμόθεος δὲ ὁ πρότερον ἡττηθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν Ιουδαίων συναγαγὼν ξένας δυνάμεις παμπληθεῖς καὶ τοὺς τῆς Ἀσίας γενομένους ἵππους συναθροίσας οὐκ ὀλίγους παρῆν ὡς δοριάλωτον λημψόμενος τὴν Ιουδαίαν 25 οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον συνεγγίζοντος αὐτοῦ πρὸς ἱκετείαν τοῦ θεοῦ γῇ τὰς κεφαλὰς καταπάσαντες καὶ τὰς ὀσφύας σάκκοις ζώσαντες 26 ἐπὶ τὴν ἀπέναντι τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου κρηπῖδα προσπεσόντες ἠξίουν ἵλεως αὐτοῖς γενόμενον ἐχθρεῦσαι τοῖς ἐχθροῖς αὐτῶν καὶ ἀντικεῖσθαι τοῖς ἀντικειμένοις καθὼς ὁ νόμος διασαφεῖ 27 γενόμενοι δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς δεήσεως ἀναλαβόντες τὰ ὅπλα προῆγον ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως ἐπὶ πλεῖον συνεγγίσαντες δὲ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐ{F'} ἑαυτῶν ἦσαν 28 ἄρτι δὲ τῆς ἀνατολῆς διαχεομένης προσέβαλον ἑκάτεροι οἱ μὲν ἔγγυον ἔχοντες εὐημερίας καὶ νίκης μετὰ ἀρετῆς τὴν ἐπὶ τὸν κύριον καταφυγήν οἱ δὲ καθηγεμόνα τῶν ἀγώνων ταττόμενοι τὸν θυμόν 29 γενομένης δὲ καρτερᾶς μάχης ἐφάνησαν τοῖς ὑπεναντίοις ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἐ{F'} ἵππων χρυσοχαλίνων ἄνδρες πέντε διαπρεπεῖς καὶ ἀφηγούμενοι τῶν Ιουδαίων 30 οἳ καὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον μέσον λαβόντες καὶ σκεπάζοντες ταῖς ἑαυτῶν πανοπλίαις ἄτρωτον διεφύλαττον εἰς δὲ τοὺς ὑπεναντίους τοξεύματα καὶ κεραυνοὺς ἐξερρίπτουν διὸ συγχυθέντες ἀορασίᾳ διεκόπτοντο ταραχῆς πεπληρωμένοι 31 κατεσφάγησαν δὲ δισμύριοι πρὸς τοῖς πεντακοσίοις ἱππεῖς δὲ ἑξακόσιοι

24 But Timotheus could not be content with one defeat at the hands of the Jews; he would bring in hordes of foreign soldiery, and cavalry from Asia, threatening Judaea with slavery. 25 At his coming, the party of Machabaeus fell to prayer; earth on their heads, sackcloth about their loins, 26 they lay prostrate at the altar’s foot, entreating the Lord he would espouse their quarrel, and their foes should be his; the law had promised it. 27 Then, this supplication made, they took up arms and marched out, leaving the city far away in their rear, nor ever halted till they were close to the enemy’s lines. 28 Soon as the dawn broke, they engaged; on the one side, all trust in the Lord, valour’s best pledge of victory and fairer times; on the other, naught but human eagerness to inspire courage. 29 Hard went the day, and, so it seemed to the enemy, heaven itself took part. Five horsemen came riding, with splendid trappings of gold, to lead the Jews onward; 30 and two of these served Machabaeus for escort, covering him with their shields to keep all hurt away from him. With shaft of theirs, lightning of theirs, dazzled and dismayed, the enemy fell to earth; 31 twenty thousand and five hundred of them perished that day, besides six hundred of the cavalry.

24 At Timotheus, qui prius a Judæis fuerat superatus, convocato exercitu peregrinæ multitudinis, et congregato equitatu Asiano, advenit quasi armis Judæam capturus. 25 Machabæus autem et qui cum ipso erant, appropinquante illo, deprecabantur Dominum, caput terra aspergentes, lumbosque ciliciis præcincti, 26 ad altaris crepidinem provoluti, ut sibi propitius, inimicis autem eorum esset inimicus, et adversariis adversaretur, sicut lex dicit. 27 Et ita post orationem, sumptis armis, longius de civitate procedentes, et proximi hostibus effecti, resederunt. 28 Primo autem solis ortu utrique commiserunt: isti quidem victoriæ et prosperitatis sponsorem cum virtute Dominum habentes: illi autem ducem belli animum habebant. 29 Sed cum vehemens pugna esset, apparuerunt adversariis de cælo viri quinque in equis, frenis aureis decori, ducatum Judæis præstantes: 30 ex quibus duo Machabæum medium habentes, armis suis circumseptum incolumem conservabant: in adversarios autem tela et fulmina jaciebant, ex quo et cæcitate confusi et repleti perturbatione, cadebant. 31 Interfecti sunt autem viginti millia quingenti, et equites sexcenti.

32 αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ Τιμόθεος συνέφυγεν εἰς Γαζαρα λεγόμενον ὀχύρωμα εὖ μάλα φρούριον στρατηγοῦντος ἐκεῖ Χαιρεου 33 οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον ἄσμενοι περιεκάθισαν τὸ φρούριον ἡμέρας τέσσαρας 34 οἱ δὲ ἔνδον τῇ ἐρυμνότητι τοῦ τόπου πεποιθότες ὑπεράγαν ἐβλασφήμουν καὶ λόγους ἀθεμίτους προΐεντο 35 ὑποφαινούσης δὲ τῆς πέμπτης ἡμέρας εἴκοσι νεανίαι τῶν περὶ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον πυρωθέντες τοῖς θυμοῖς διὰ τὰς βλασφημίας προσβαλόντες τῷ τείχει ἀρρενωδῶς καὶ θηριώδει θυμῷ τὸν ἐμπίπτοντα ἔκοπτον 36 ἕτεροι δὲ ὁμοίως προσαναβάντες ἐν τῷ περισπασμῷ πρὸς τοὺς ἔνδον ἐνεπίμπρων τοὺς πύργους καὶ πυρὰς ἀνάπτοντες ζῶντας τοὺς βλασφήμους κατέκαιον οἱ δὲ τὰς πύλας διέκοπτον εἰσδεξάμενοι δὲ τὴν λοιπὴν τάξιν προκατελάβοντο τὴν πόλιν 37 καὶ τὸν Τιμόθεον ἀποκεκρυμμένον ἔν τινι λάκκῳ κατέσφαξαν καὶ τὸν τούτου ἀδελφὸν Χαιρέαν καὶ τὸν Ἀπολλοφάνην 38 ταῦτα δὲ διαπραξάμενοι με{Q'} ὕμνων καὶ ἐξομολογήσεων εὐλόγουν τῷ κυρίῳ τῷ μεγάλως εὐεργετοῦντι τὸν Ισραηλ καὶ τὸ νῖκος αὐτοῖς διδόντι

32 As for Timotheus, he took refuge in Gazara, a strong fortress that was under the command of Chaereas. 33 Four days together, Machabaeus and his men eagerly pressed on the siege of it; 34 but the defenders were confident in its strength; loud their defiance was, and very blasphemous the words they uttered. 35 Stung by these taunts, twenty warriors of Machabaeus’ company made a bold attack on the wall as the fifth day was dawning, and, by the fierceness of their onslaught, made shift to climb it; 36 others, following at their heels, fell to burning tower and gateway alike, and made a bonfire of the blasphemers. 37 For two whole days they ransacked the fort, and at last came upon Timotheus[3] in his hiding-place; so they made an end of him, his brother Chaereas and Apollophanes perishing with him. 38 When all was over, they sang hymns of praise and gave thanks to the Lord, that had done marvellous things for Israel, and granted them victory.

32 Timotheus vero confugit in Gazaram præsidium munitum, cui præerat Chæreas. 33 Machabæus autem et qui cum eo erant, lætantes obsederunt præsidium diebus quatuor. 34 At hi qui intus erant, loci firmitate confisi, supra modum maledicebant, et sermones nefandos jactabant. 35 Sed cum dies quinta illucesceret, viginti juvenes ex his qui cum Machabæo erant, accensi animis propter blasphemiam, viriliter accesserunt ad murum, et feroci animo incedentes ascendebant: 36 sed et alii similiter ascendentes, turres portasque succendere aggressi sunt, atque ipsos maledicos vivos concremare. 37 Per continuum autem biduum præsidio vastato, Timotheum occultantem se in quodam repertum loco peremerunt: et fratrem illius Chæream et Apollophanem occiderunt. 38 Quibus gestis, in hymnis et confessionibus benedicebant Dominum, qui magna fecit in Israël, et victoriam dedit illis.

[1] The Greek word ‘Eupator’ means ‘born of a noble father’.

[2] ‘Natives of the country’; literally, in the Latin version, ‘Jews’, but this is probably a copyist’s mistake for ‘Edomites’, the reading found in the Greek text.

[3] If the text here is sound, the Timotheus mentioned in 12.2 is a different person.

Knox Translation Copyright © 2013 Westminster Diocese
Nihil Obstat. Father Anton Cowan, Censor.
Imprimatur. +Most Rev. Vincent Nichols, Archbishop of Westminster. 8th January 2012.
Re-typeset and published in 2012 by Baronius Press Ltd