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Daniel 1

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1 ἐν ἔτει τρίτῳ τῆς βασιλείας Ιωακιμ βασιλέως Ιουδα ἦλθεν Ναβουχοδονοσορ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος εἰς Ιερουσαλημ καὶ ἐπολιόρκει αὐτήν 2 καὶ ἔδωκεν κύριος ἐν χειρὶ αὐτοῦ τὸν Ιωακιμ βασιλέα Ιουδα καὶ ἀπὸ μέρους τῶν σκευῶν οἴκου τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἤνεγκεν αὐτὰ εἰς γῆν Σεννααρ οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ σκεύη εἰσήνεγκεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον θησαυροῦ τοῦ θεοῦ αὐτοῦ 3 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς τῷ Ασφανεζ τῷ ἀρχιευνούχῳ αὐτοῦ εἰσαγαγεῖν ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας Ισραηλ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ σπέρματος τῆς βασιλείας καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν φορθομμιν 4 νεανίσκους οἷς οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν αὐτοῖς μῶμος καὶ καλοὺς τῇ ὄψει καὶ συνιέντας ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ καὶ γιγνώσκοντας γνῶσιν καὶ διανοουμένους φρόνησιν καὶ οἷς ἐστιν ἰσχὺς ἐν αὐτοῖς ἑστάναι ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ διδάξαι αὐτοὺς γράμματα καὶ γλῶσσαν Χαλδαίων 5 καὶ διέταξεν αὐτοῖς ὁ βασιλεὺς τὸ τῆς ἡμέρας κα{Q'} ἡμέραν ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴνου τοῦ πότου αὐτοῦ καὶ θρέψαι αὐτοὺς ἔτη τρία καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα στῆναι ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως

1 When Nabuchodonosor, king of Babylon, marched against Jerusalem and laid siege to it, in Joakim’s third year as king of Juda,[1] 2 the Lord gave him the mastery. Not only Joakim fell into his hands, but … some of the temple treasures,[2] which he carried off to Sennaar as offerings to his own god, and there, in the treasure-house of his own god’s temple, bestowed them. 3 Meanwhile, he had a command for Asphenez, his head chamberlain. He was to take under his charge certain young Israelites, of royal or princely stock, 4 in body well formed, handsome of mien, so well versed and grounded, so keen of wit, as they might be taught lore and language of the Chaldaeans, and have places at his court. 5 For three years they should have daily allowance of the king’s meat and wine; then he would send for them.

1 Anno tertio regni Joakim regis Juda, venit Nabuchodonosor, rex Babylonis, in Jerusalem, et obsedit eam: 2 et tradidit Dominus in manu ejus Joakim, regem Juda, et partem vasorum domus Dei: et asportavit ea in terram Sennaar in domum dei sui, et vasa intulit in domum thesauri dei sui. 3 Et ait rex Asphenez præposito eunuchorum ut introduceret de filiis Israël, et de semine regio et tyrannorum, 4 pueros in quibus nulla esset macula, decoros forma, et eruditos omni sapientia, cautos scientia, et doctos disciplina, et qui possent stare in palatio regis, ut doceret eos litteras et linguam Chaldæorum. 5 Et constituit eis rex annonam per singulos dies de cibis suis, et de vino unde bibebat ipse, ut enutriti tribus annis, postea starent in conspectu regis.

6 καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν Ιουδα Δανιηλ καὶ Ανανιας καὶ Μισαηλ καὶ Αζαριας 7 καὶ ἐπέθηκεν αὐτοῖς ὁ ἀρχιευνοῦχος ὀνόματα τῷ Δανιηλ Βαλτασαρ καὶ τῷ Ανανια Σεδραχ καὶ τῷ Μισαηλ Μισαχ καὶ τῷ Αζαρια Αβδεναγω 8 καὶ ἔθετο Δανιηλ ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ ὡς οὐ μὴ ἀλισγηθῇ ἐν τῇ τραπέζῃ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἐν τῷ οἴνῳ τοῦ πότου αὐτοῦ καὶ ἠξίωσε τὸν ἀρχιευνοῦχον ὡς οὐ μὴ ἀλισγηθῇ 9 καὶ ἔδωκεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν Δανιηλ εἰς ἔλεον καὶ εἰς οἰκτιρμὸν ἐνώπιον τοῦ ἀρχιευνούχου 10 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ἀρχιευνοῦχος τῷ Δανιηλ φοβοῦμαι ἐγὼ τὸν κύριόν μου τὸν βασιλέα τὸν ἐκτάξαντα τὴν βρῶσιν ὑμῶν καὶ τὴν πόσιν ὑμῶν μήποτε ἴδῃ τὰ πρόσωπα ὑμῶν σκυθρωπὰ παρὰ τὰ παιδάρια τὰ συνήλικα ὑμῶν καὶ καταδικάσητε τὴν κεφαλήν μου τῷ βασιλεῖ 11 καὶ εἶπεν Δανιηλ πρὸς Αμελσαδ ὃν κατέστησεν ὁ ἀρχιευνοῦχος ἐπὶ Δανιηλ Ανανιαν Μισαηλ Αζαριαν 12 πείρασον δὴ τοὺς παῖδάς σου ἡμέρας δέκα καὶ δότωσαν ἡμῖν ἀπὸ τῶν σπερμάτων καὶ φαγόμεθα καὶ ὕδωρ πιόμεθα 13 καὶ ὀφθήτωσαν ἐνώπιόν σου αἱ ἰδέαι ἡμῶν καὶ αἱ ἰδέαι τῶν παιδαρίων τῶν ἐσθιόντων τὴν τράπεζαν τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ καθὼς ἂν ἴδῃς ποίησον μετὰ τῶν παίδων σου 14 καὶ εἰσήκουσεν αὐτῶν καὶ ἐπείρασεν αὐτοὺς ἡμέρας δέκα 15 καὶ μετὰ τὸ τέλος τῶν δέκα ἡμερῶν ὡράθησαν αἱ ἰδέαι αὐτῶν ἀγαθαὶ καὶ ἰσχυραὶ ταῖς σαρξὶν ὑπὲρ τὰ παιδάρια τὰ ἐσθίοντα τὴν τράπεζαν τοῦ βασιλέως 16 καὶ ἐγένετο Αμελσαδ ἀναιρούμενος τὸ δεῖπνον αὐτῶν καὶ τὸν οἶνον τοῦ πόματος αὐτῶν καὶ ἐδίδου αὐτοῖς σπέρματα

6 Among these were four tribesmen of Juda, called Daniel, Ananias, Misael and Azarias; 7 the chamberlain had given them fresh names, to Daniel Baltassar, to Ananias Sidrach, to Misael Misach, and to Azarias Abdenago. 8 Daniel had resolved, neither meat nor wine from the royal table should sully his lips; and for this abstinence he hoped to get leave from the head chamberlain; 9 with such kindness and pity God had touched his heart. 10 But this would not serve; Nay, said he, what of the charge my lord king gave me, that you should have food and drink? It were as much as my life is worth, if he saw you haggard-cheeked beside others of your own age. 11 Hereupon Daniel went to Malasar, one of the other chamberlains, to whose care Asphenez had entrusted all four of them.[3] 12 Sir, said he, be pleased to put us on our trial. For ten days, give us nothing but pulse to eat, water to drink, 13 then compare our looks with the looks of those others who have fed on the king’s bounty; judge by what thou seest, and do with us what thou wilt. 14 The challenge was accepted, and the ten days’ trial began; 15 when it was over, never a one of the king’s pensioners shewed healthy and well nourished as they. 16 After that, Malasar had their allowance of meat and wine, and they pulse.

6 Fuerunt ergo inter eos de filiis Juda, Daniel, Ananias, Misaël, et Azarias. 7 Et imposuit eis præpositus eunuchorum nomina: Danieli, Baltassar; Ananiæ, Sidrach; Misaëli, Misach; et Azariæ, Abdenago. 8 Proposuit autem Daniel in corde suo ne pollueretur de mensa regis, neque de vino potus ejus: et rogavit eunuchorum præpositum ne contaminaretur. 9 Dedit autem Deus Danieli gratiam et misericordiam in conspectu principis eunuchorum. 10 Et ait princeps eunuchorum ad Danielem: Timeo ego dominum meum regem, qui constituit vobis cibum et potum: qui si viderit vultus vestros macilentiores præ ceteris adolescentibus coævis vestris, condemnabitis caput meum regi. 11 Et dixit Daniel ad Malasar, quem constituerat princeps eunuchorum super Danielem, Ananiam, Misaëlem, et Azariam: 12 Tenta nos, obsecro, servos tuos, diebus decem, et dentur nobis legumina ad vescendum, et aqua ad bibendum: 13 et contemplare vultus nostros, et vultus puerorum, qui vescuntur cibo regio: et sicut videris, facies cum servis tuis. 14 Qui, audito sermone hujuscemodi, tentavit eos diebus decem. 15 Post dies autem decem, apparuerunt vultus eorum meliores, et corpulentiores præ omnibus pueris, qui vescebantur cibo regio. 16 Porro Malasar tollebat cibaria, et vinum potus eorum: dabatque eis legumina.

17 καὶ τὰ παιδάρια ταῦτα οἱ τέσσαρες αὐτοί ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ὁ θεὸς σύνεσιν καὶ φρόνησιν ἐν πάσῃ γραμματικῇ καὶ σοφίᾳ καὶ Δανιηλ συνῆκεν ἐν πάσῃ ὁράσει καὶ ἐνυπνίοις 18 καὶ μετὰ τὸ τέλος τῶν ἡμερῶν ὧν εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς εἰσαγαγεῖν αὐτούς καὶ εἰσήγαγεν αὐτοὺς ὁ ἀρχιευνοῦχος ἐναντίον Ναβουχοδονοσορ 19 καὶ ἐλάλησεν με{T'} αὐτῶν ὁ βασιλεύς καὶ οὐχ εὑρέθησαν ἐκ πάντων αὐτῶν ὅμοιοι Δανιηλ καὶ Ανανια καὶ Μισαηλ καὶ Αζαρια καὶ ἔστησαν ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως 20 καὶ ἐν παντὶ ῥήματι σοφίας καὶ ἐπιστήμης ὧν ἐζήτησεν πα{R'} αὐτῶν ὁ βασιλεύς εὗρεν αὐτοὺς δεκαπλασίονας παρὰ πάντας τοὺς ἐπαοιδοὺς καὶ τοὺς μάγους τοὺς ὄντας ἐν πάσῃ τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτοῦ 21 καὶ ἐγένετο Δανιηλ ἕως ἔτους ἑνὸς Κύρου τοῦ βασιλέως

17 Meanwhile, in all lore and learning, God made apt pupils of these four; and of visions and dreams especially Daniel was master. 18 And now, the time of their probation over, Asphenez presented his pupils before Nabuchodonosor, 19 who had speech with all of them; and no match was found for Daniel, Ananias, Misael and Azarias; all must have places at court. 20 Never a question the king could propound, to make trial of their learning and their quick wits, but they could answer it ten times better than any diviner or sage in his kingdom. 21 And still, up to the beginning of Cyrus’ reign, Daniel was …[4]

17 Pueris autem his dedit Deus scientiam et disciplinam, in omni libro et sapientia: Danieli autem intelligentiam omnium visionum et somniorum. 18 Completis itaque diebus, post quos dixerat rex ut introducerentur, introduxit eos præpositus eunuchorum in conspectu Nabuchodonosor. 19 Cumque eis locutus fuisset rex, non sunt inventi tales de universis, ut Daniel, Ananias, Misaël, et Azarias: et steterunt in conspectu regis. 20 Et omne verbum sapientiæ et intellectus, quod sciscitatus est ab eis rex, invenit in eis decuplum super cunctos ariolos et magos qui erant in universo regno ejus. 21 Fuit autem Daniel usque ad annum primum Cyri regis.

[1] The capture of Jerusalem in Joakim’s reign is vouched for by II Par. 36.6; the corresponding passage in IV Kg. 24.1 is perhaps defective. The dating here gives rise to difficulties; Nabuchodonosor had not yet acceded to the throne in the third year of Joakim (Jer. 25.1). Some think he is called ‘king’, although still crown prince; others, that the ‘reign’ of Joakim is only dated from his revolt against Babylon, his position up to that time having been merely that of a viceroy.

[2] It seems probable, from what follows, that there has been an omission, and that the original text contained some account of persons (including Daniel and his companions) being removed to Babylon.

[3] The Septuagint Greek seems to preserve a different account of this incident, in which Malasar disappears from the story and it is Asphenez, after all, who grants Daniel’s request.

[4] It seems probable that a few words have dropped out at the end of the chapter, telling us that Daniel was ‘in high favour’, or something of the kind. The phrase ‘Daniel was until the first year of Cyrus’ is quite without parallel in the Old Testament. Some, by a slight change in the text, would read ‘Daniel lived’; but it appears Daniel was still alive in the third year of Cyrus (10.1 below).

Knox Translation Copyright © 2013 Westminster Diocese
Nihil Obstat. Father Anton Cowan, Censor.
Imprimatur. +Most Rev. Vincent Nichols, Archbishop of Westminster. 8th January 2012.
Re-typeset and published in 2012 by Baronius Press Ltd