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1 Maccabees 5

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1 καὶ ἐγένετο ὅτε ἤκουσαν τὰ ἔθνη κυκλόθεν ὅτι ᾠκοδομήθη τὸ θυσιαστήριον καὶ ἐνεκαινίσθη τὸ ἁγίασμα ὡς τὸ πρότερον καὶ ὠργίσθησαν σφόδρα 2 καὶ ἐβουλεύσαντο τοῦ ἆραι τὸ γένος Ιακωβ τοὺς ὄντας ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν καὶ ἤρξαντο τοῦ θανατοῦν ἐν τῷ λαῷ καὶ ἐξαίρειν 3 καὶ ἐπολέμει Ιουδας πρὸς τοὺς υἱοὺς Ησαυ ἐν τῇ Ιδουμαίᾳ τὴν Ακραβαττήνην ὅτι περιεκάθηντο τὸν Ισραηλ καὶ ἐπάταξεν αὐτοὺς πληγὴν μεγάλην καὶ συνέστειλεν αὐτοὺς καὶ ἔλαβεν τὰ σκῦλα αὐτῶν 4 καὶ ἐμνήσθη τῆς κακίας υἱῶν Βαιαν οἳ ἦσαν τῷ λαῷ εἰς παγίδα καὶ σκάνδαλον ἐν τῷ ἐνεδρεύειν αὐτοὺς ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς 5 καὶ συνεκλείσθησαν ὑ{P'} αὐτοῦ εἰς τοὺς πύργους καὶ παρενέβαλεν ἐ{P'} αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀνεθεμάτισεν αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐνεπύρισε τοὺς πύργους αὐτῆς ἐν πυρὶ σὺν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἐνοῦσιν 6 καὶ διεπέρασεν ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς Αμμων καὶ εὗρεν χεῖρα κραταιὰν καὶ λαὸν πολὺν καὶ Τιμόθεον ἡγούμενον αὐτῶν 7 καὶ συνῆψεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς πολέμους πολλούς καὶ συνετρίβησαν πρὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπάταξεν αὐτούς 8 καὶ προκατελάβετο τὴν Ιαζηρ καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας αὐτῆς καὶ ἀνέστρεψεν εἰς τὴν Ιουδαίαν

1 Great indignation had the Gentiles that lived round about, when they heard that altar and temple were standing as of old. 2 Their first thought was to rid their own territory of Jacob’s breed, and all at once they set about to murder and harry them. 3 So Judas must needs take arms against them, Esau’s race in Idumaea, and the men of Acrabathane, that were keeping Israelite folk under strict siege; and signally he defeated them. 4 Nor might he overlook Beän’s tribe and the treachery they shewed, ever catching Israel at unawares by laying an ambush in his path. 5 These he chased into their strongholds and besieged them there; laid them under a ban[1] and burned the strongholds to the ground, with their defenders in them. 6 Then he crossed over into Ammon, where he came upon strong resistance and a great muster of men, that had one Timotheus for their leader; 7 often he engaged them, and as often put them to rout; when he had defeated them, 8 and taken Gazer with its daughter townships, he marched back into Judaea.

1 Et factum est, ut audierunt gentes in circuitu quia ædificatum est altare et sanctuarium sicut prius, iratæ sunt valde: 2 et cogitabant tollere genus Jacob, qui erant inter eos, et cœperunt occidere de populo, et persequi. 3 Et debellabat Judas filios Esau in Idumæa, et eos qui erant in Acrabathane, quia circumsedebant Israëlitas: et percussit eos plaga magna. 4 Et recordatus est malitiam filiorum Bean, qui erant populo in laqueum et in scandalum, insidiantes ei in via. 5 Et conclusi sunt ab eo in turribus, et applicuit ad eos, et anathematizavit eos, et incendit turres eorum igni cum omnibus qui in eis erant. 6 Et transivit ad filios Ammon, et invenit manum fortem, et populum copiosum, et Timotheum ducem ipsorum: 7 et commisit cum eis prælia multa, et contriti sunt in conspectu eorum, et percussit eos: 8 et cepit Gazer civitatem et filias ejus, et reversus est in Judæam.

9 καὶ ἐπισυνήχθησαν τὰ ἔθνη τὰ ἐν τῇ Γαλααδ ἐπὶ τὸν Ισραηλ τοὺς ὄντας ἐπὶ τοῖς ὁρίοις αὐτῶν τοῦ ἐξᾶραι αὐτούς καὶ ἔφυγον εἰς Δαθεμα τὸ ὀχύρωμα 10 καὶ ἀπέστειλαν γράμματα πρὸς Ιουδαν καὶ τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ λέγοντες ἐπισυνηγμένα ἐστὶν ἐ{F'} ἡμᾶς τὰ ἔθνη κύκλῳ ἡμῶν τοῦ ἐξᾶραι ἡμᾶς 11 καὶ ἑτοιμάζονται ἐλθεῖν καὶ προκαταλαβέσθαι τὸ ὀχύρωμα εἰς ὃ κατεφύγομεν καὶ Τιμόθεος ἡγεῖται τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτῶν 12 νῦν οὖν ἐλθὼν ἐξελοῦ ἡμᾶς ἐκ χειρὸς αὐτῶν ὅτι πέπτωκεν ἐξ ἡμῶν πλῆθος 13 καὶ πάντες οἱ ἀδελφοὶ ἡμῶν οἱ ὄντες ἐν τοῖς Τουβίου τεθανάτωνται καὶ ᾐχμαλωτίκασιν τὰς γυναῖκας αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ τέκνα καὶ τὴν ἀποσκευὴν καὶ ἀπώλεσαν ἐκεῖ ὡσεὶ μίαν χιλιαρχίαν ἀνδρῶν

9 But by this all the heathen folk in the country of Galaad were making common cause against the Israelites who dwelt there, eager to be rid of them. And these, taking refuge in the stronghold of Datheman, 10 sent dispatches to Judas and his brethren. Here be all the neighbours, they wrote, banded together for our destruction. 11 Even now, Timotheus at their head, they are setting about the reduction of this our fortress; 12 come speedily to the rescue; they have taken cruel toll of our lives already. 13 Slain, all those clansmen of ours that had their dwelling in the Tubin country, carried away, their wives, their children, and their goods; nigh upon a thousand warriors then and there have perished.

9 Et congregatæ sunt gentes quæ sunt in Galaad adversus Israëlitas, qui erant in finibus eorum, ut tollerent eos: et fugerunt in Datheman munitionem. 10 Et miserunt litteras ad Judam et fratres ejus, dicentes: Congregatæ sunt adversum nos gentes per circuitum, ut nos auferant, 11 et parant venire, et occupare munitionem, in quam confugimus: et Timotheus est dux exercitus eorum. 12 Nunc ergo veni, et eripe nos de manibus eorum, quia cecidit multitudo de nobis. 13 Et omnes fratres nostri, qui erant in locis Tubin, interfecti sunt: et captivas duxerunt uxores eorum, et natos, et spolia, et peremerunt illic fere mille viros.

14 ἔτι αἱ ἐπιστολαὶ ἀνεγιγνώσκοντο καὶ ἰδοὺ ἄγγελοι ἕτεροι παρεγένοντο ἐκ τῆς Γαλιλαίας διερρηχότες τὰ ἱμάτια ἀπαγγέλλοντες κατὰ τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα 15 λέγοντες ἐπισυνῆχθαι ἐ{P'} αὐτοὺς ἐκ Πτολεμαίδος καὶ Τύρου καὶ Σιδῶνος καὶ πᾶσαν Γαλιλαίαν ἀλλοφύλων τοῦ ἐξαναλῶσαι ἡμᾶς 16 ὡς δὲ ἤκουσεν Ιουδας καὶ ὁ λαὸς τοὺς λόγους τούτους ἐπισυνήχθη ἐκκλησία μεγάλη βουλεύσασθαι τί ποιήσωσιν τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς αὐτῶν τοῖς οὖσιν ἐν θλίψει καὶ πολεμουμένοις ὑ{P'} αὐτῶν 17 καὶ εἶπεν Ιουδας Σιμωνι τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ ἐπίλεξον σεαυτῷ ἄνδρας καὶ πορεύου καὶ ῥῦσαι τοὺς ἀδελφούς σου τοὺς ἐν τῇ Γαλιλαίᾳ ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ Ιωναθαν ὁ ἀδελφός μου πορευσόμεθα εἰς τὴν Γαλααδῖτιν 18 καὶ κατέλιπεν Ιωσηπον τὸν τοῦ Ζαχαριου καὶ Αζαριαν ἡγούμενον τοῦ λαοῦ μετὰ τῶν ἐπιλοίπων τῆς δυνάμεως ἐν τῇ Ιουδαίᾳ εἰς τήρησιν 19 καὶ ἐνετείλατο αὐτοῖς λέγων πρόστητε τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου καὶ μὴ συνάψητε πόλεμον πρὸς τὰ ἔθνη ἕως τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι ἡμᾶς 20 καὶ ἐμερίσθησαν Σιμωνι ἄνδρες τρισχίλιοι τοῦ πορευθῆναι εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν Ιουδα δὲ ἄνδρες ὀκτακισχίλιοι εἰς τὴν Γαλααδῖτιν 21 καὶ ἐπορεύθη Σιμων εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν καὶ συνῆψεν πολέμους πολλοὺς πρὸς τὰ ἔθνη καὶ συνετρίβη τὰ ἔθνη ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ 22 καὶ ἐδίωξεν αὐτοὺς ἕως τῆς πύλης Πτολεμαίδος καὶ ἔπεσον ἐκ τῶν ἐθνῶν εἰς τρισχιλίους ἄνδρας καὶ ἔλαβεν τὰ σκῦλα αὐτῶν 23 καὶ παρέλαβεν τοὺς ἐκ τῆς Γαλιλαίας καὶ ἐν Αρβαττοις σὺν ταῖς γυναιξὶν καὶ τοῖς τέκνοις καὶ πάντα ὅσα ἦν αὐτοῖς καὶ ἤγαγεν εἰς τὴν Ιουδαίαν με{T'} εὐφροσύνης μεγάλης

14 This letter was still in the reading, when all of a sudden came other envoys from Galilee, their garments rent about them; their message was, 15 Ptolemais, Tyre and Sidon were up in arms together, and all Galilee was overrun with heathen folk, bent on massacre. 16 Grave tidings, these, for Judas and his people; met they in high debate, and took counsel how they might best aid their brethren in peril of assault. 17 And now Judas must share the command with his brother Simon; Pick thy men, said he, and make for Galilee, while Jonathan and I march into Galaad. 18 Part of his army he left to defend Judaea, with Joseph son of Zachary and Azarias for its captains; 19 Here is your charge, said he; and see to it that you do not embroil yourselves with the Gentiles while we are gone. 20 To Simon and to Galilee three thousand men were allotted; to Judas and to Galaad eight thousand. 21 As for Simon, when he reached Galilee, full many a battle he must fight with the Gentiles, that he drove ever before him, till he pursued them at last to the very gates of Ptolemais. 22 Of the enemy, some three thousand fell, and his men had the spoiling of them; 23 the Israelites that dwelt in Galilee and Arbata he took home with him, and their wives and children and all they had; great rejoicing there was when he brought them back safe to Judaea.

14 Et adhuc epistolæ legebantur, et ecce alii nuntii venerunt de Galilæa conscissis tunicis, nuntiantes secundum verba hæc: 15 dicentes convenisse adversum se a Ptolemaida, et Tyro, et Sidone: et repleta est omnis Galilæa alienigenis, ut nos consumant. 16 Ut audivit autem Judas et populus sermones istos, convenit ecclesia magna cogitare quid facerent fratribus suis, qui in tribulatione erant, et expugnabantur ab eis. 17 Dixitque Judas Simoni fratri suo: Elige tibi viros, et vade, et libera fratres tuos in Galilæa: ego autem et frater meus Jonathas ibimus in Galaaditim. 18 Et reliquit Josephum filium Zachariæ, et Azariam, duces populi, cum residuo exercitu in Judæa ad custodiam: 19 et præcepit illis, dicens: Præestote populo huic: et nolite bellum committere adversum gentes, donec revertamur. 20 Et partiti sunt Simoni viri tria millia, ut iret in Galilæam: Judæ autem octo millia in Galaaditim. 21 Et abiit Simon in Galilæam, et commisit prælia multa cum gentibus: et contritæ sunt gentes a facie ejus, et persecutus est eos usque ad portam 22 Ptolemaidis: et ceciderunt de gentibus fere tria millia virorum. Et accepit spolia eorum, 23 et assumpsit eos qui erant in Galilæa et in Arbatis, cum uxoribus, et natis, et omnibus quæ erant illis, et adduxit in Judæam cum lætitia magna.

24 καὶ Ιουδας ὁ Μακκαβαῖος καὶ Ιωναθαν ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ διέβησαν τὸν Ιορδάνην καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν ὁδὸν τριῶν ἡμερῶν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ 25 καὶ συνήντησαν τοῖς Ναβαταίοις καὶ ἀπήντησαν αὐτοῖς εἰρηνικῶς καὶ διηγήσαντο αὐτοῖς πάντα τὰ συμβάντα τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς αὐτῶν ἐν τῇ Γαλααδίτιδι 26 καὶ ὅτι πολλοὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν συνειλημμένοι εἰσὶν εἰς Βοσορρα καὶ Βοσορ ἐν Αλεμοις Χασφω Μακεδ καὶ Καρναιν πᾶσαι αἱ πόλεις αὗται ὀχυραὶ καὶ μεγάλαι 27 καὶ ἐν ταῖς λοιπαῖς πόλεσιν τῆς Γαλααδίτιδός εἰσιν συνειλημμένοι εἰς αὔριον τάσσονται παρεμβαλεῖν ἐπὶ τὰ ὀχυρώματα καὶ καταλαβέσθαι καὶ ἐξᾶραι πάντας τούτους ἐν ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ 28 καὶ ἀπέστρεψεν Ιουδας καὶ ἡ παρεμβολὴ αὐτοῦ ὁδὸν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον Βοσορρα ἄφνω καὶ κατελάβετο τὴν πόλιν καὶ ἀπέκτεινε πᾶν ἀρσενικὸν ἐν στόματι ῥομφαίας καὶ ἔλαβεν πάντα τὰ σκῦλα αὐτῶν καὶ ἐνέπρησεν αὐτὴν πυρί 29 καὶ ἀπῆρεν ἐκεῖθεν νυκτός καὶ ἐπορεύοντο ἕως ἐπὶ τὸ ὀχύρωμα 30 καὶ ἐγένετο ἑωθινῇ ἦραν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ ἰδοὺ λαὸς πολύς οὗ οὐκ ἦν ἀριθμός αἴροντες κλίμακας καὶ μηχανὰς καταλαβέσθαι τὸ ὀχύρωμα καὶ ἐπολέμουν αὐτούς 31 καὶ εἶδεν Ιουδας ὅτι ἦρκται ὁ πόλεμος καὶ ἡ κραυγὴ τῆς πόλεως ἀνέβη ἕως οὐρανοῦ σάλπιγξιν καὶ κραυγῇ μεγάλῃ 32 καὶ εἶπεν τοῖς ἀνδράσιν τῆς δυνάμεως πολεμήσατε σήμερον ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ἡμῶν 33 καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐν τρισὶν ἀρχαῖς ἐξόπισθεν αὐτῶν καὶ ἐσάλπισαν ταῖς σάλπιγξιν καὶ ἐβόησαν ἐν προσευχῇ 34 καὶ ἐπέγνω ἡ παρεμβολὴ Τιμοθέου ὅτι Μακκαβαῖός ἐστιν καὶ ἔφυγον ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπάταξεν αὐτοὺς πληγὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἔπεσον ἐξ αὐτῶν ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ εἰς ὀκτακισχιλίους ἄνδρας 35 καὶ ἀπέκλινεν εἰς Αλεμα καὶ ἐπολέμησεν αὐτὴν καὶ κατελάβετο αὐτὴν καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν πᾶν ἀρσενικὸν αὐτῆς καὶ ἔλαβεν τὰ σκῦλα αὐτῆς καὶ ἐνέπρησεν αὐτὴν ἐν πυρί 36 ἐκεῖθεν ἀπῆρεν καὶ προκατελάβετο τὴν Χασφω Μακεδ καὶ Βοσορ καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς πόλεις τῆς Γαλααδίτιδος

24 Meanwhile Judas Machabaeus and his brother Jonathan had crossed the Jordan, and marched for three days through the desert. 25 There the Nabuthaeans came to meet them, and gave them friendly welcome, and told them of all that had befallen their brethren in the Galaad country; 26 how there were many whom their fellow-citizens had brought to bay in such great fortified cities as Barasa, Bosor, Alima, Casphor, Mageth and Carnaim; 27 besides many others cut off in the rest of the Galaadite towns. And to-morrow, he was told, the heathen mean to occupy these cities with their army, seizing upon the Israelites and making an end of them, all in one day’s work. 28 Whereupon Judas and his men suddenly turned aside from their course into the desert of Bosor, and took the city; all its men-folk he put to the sword, and carried off the spoil of it, and burned it to the ground. 29 At night-fall they continued their journey, and reached the Israelite stronghold.[2] 30 What a sight was this that met their eyes, when day broke! A great rabble of men past all counting, that brought up scaling-ladders and engines, as if they would take the stronghold by storm. 31 Here was the battle fairly begun; the cry of them went up to heaven, loud as clarion-call, and a great cry, too, was raised within the city. 32 Now, cried Judas to his men, now to fight for your brethren’s deliverance! 33 And hard at the enemy’s heels he followed, with three companies of warriors that blew trumpets as they went, and cried aloud in prayer. 34 The name of Machabaeus once heard, how fled Timotheus’ army at his approach! How grievous the blow that fell on them, when eight thousand fell in a single day! 35 Once more Judas turned aside, to Maspha; took it by storm, slew men of it, took spoil of it, burned it to the ground; 36 then on to seize Casbon, and Mageth, and Bosor, and the remaining cities of Galaad.[3]

24 Et Judas Machabæus, et Jonathas frater ejus, transierunt Jordanem, et abierunt viam trium dierum per desertum. 25 Et occurrerunt eis Nabuthæi, et susceperunt eos pacifice, et narraverunt eis omnia quæ acciderant fratribus eorum in Galaaditide, 26 et quia multi ex eis comprehensi sunt in Barasa, et Bosor, et in Alimis, et in Casphor, et Mageth, et Carnaim: hæ omnes civitates munitæ et magnæ. 27 Sed et in ceteris civitatibus Galaaditidis tenentur comprehensi, et in crastinum constituerunt admovere exercitum civitatibus his, et comprehendere, et tollere eos in una die. 28 Et convertit Judas et exercitus ejus viam in desertum Bosor repente, et occupavit civitatem: et occidit omnem masculum in ore gladii, et accepit omnia spolia eorum, et succendit eam igni. 29 Et surrexerunt inde nocte, et ibant usque ad munitionem. 30 Et factum est diluculo, cum elevassent oculos suos, ecce populus multus, cujus non erat numerus, portantes scalas et machinas ut comprehenderent munitionem, et expugnarent eos. 31 Et vidit Judas quia cœpit bellum, et clamor belli ascendit ad cælum sicut tuba, et clamor magnus de civitate: 32 et dixit exercitui suo: Pugnate hodie pro fratribus vestris. 33 Et venit tribus ordinibus post eos, et exclamaverunt tubis, et clamaverunt in oratione. 34 Et cognoverunt castra Timothei quia Machabæus est, et refugerunt a facie ejus: et percusserunt eos plaga magna. Et ceciderunt ex eis in die illa fere octo millia virorum. 35 Et divertit Judas in Maspha, et expugnavit, et cepit eam: et occidit omnem masculum ejus, et sumpsit spolia ejus, et succendit eam igni. 36 Inde perrexit, et cepit Casbon, et Mageth, et Bosor, et reliquas civitates Galaaditidis.

37 μετὰ δὲ τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα συνήγαγεν Τιμόθεος παρεμβολὴν ἄλλην καὶ παρενέβαλεν κατὰ πρόσωπον Ραφων ἐκ πέραν τοῦ χειμάρρου 38 καὶ ἀπέστειλεν Ιουδας κατασκοπεῦσαι τὴν παρεμβολήν καὶ ἀπήγγειλαν αὐτῷ λέγοντες ἐπισυνηγμένα εἰσὶν πρὸς αὐτὸν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη τὰ κύκλῳ ἡμῶν δύναμις πολλὴ σφόδρα 39 καὶ Ἄραβας μεμίσθωνται εἰς βοήθειαν αὐτοῖς καὶ παρεμβάλλουσιν πέραν τοῦ χειμάρρου ἕτοιμοι τοῦ ἐλθεῖν ἐπὶ σὲ εἰς πόλεμον καὶ ἐπορεύθη Ιουδας εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτῶν 40 καὶ εἶπεν Τιμόθεος τοῖς ἄρχουσιν τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ ἐγγίζειν Ιουδαν καὶ τὴν παρεμβολὴν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸν χειμάρρουν τοῦ ὕδατος ἐὰν διαβῇ πρὸς ἡμᾶς πρότερος οὐ δυνησόμεθα ὑποστῆναι αὐτόν ὅτι δυνάμενος δυνήσεται πρὸς ἡμᾶς 41 ἐὰν δὲ δειλανθῇ καὶ παρεμβάλῃ πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ διαπεράσομεν πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ δυνησόμεθα πρὸς αὐτόν 42 ὡς δὲ ἤγγισεν Ιουδας ἐπὶ τὸν χειμάρρουν τοῦ ὕδατος ἔστησεν τοὺς γραμματεῖς τοῦ λαοῦ ἐπὶ τοῦ χειμάρρου καὶ ἐνετείλατο αὐτοῖς λέγων μὴ ἀφῆτε πάντα ἄνθρωπον παρεμβαλεῖν ἀλλὰ ἐρχέσθωσαν πάντες εἰς τὸν πόλεμον 43 καὶ διεπέρασεν ἐ{P'} αὐτοὺς πρότερος καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς ὄπισθεν αὐτοῦ καὶ συνετρίβησαν πρὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη καὶ ἔρριψαν τὰ ὅπλα αὐτῶν καὶ ἔφυγον εἰς τὸ τέμενος Καρναιν 44 καὶ προκατελάβοντο τὴν πόλιν καὶ τὸ τέμενος ἐνεπύρισαν ἐν πυρὶ σὺν πᾶσιν τοῖς ἐν αὐτῷ καὶ ἐτροπώθη Καρναιν καὶ οὐκ ἠδύναντο ἔτι ὑποστῆναι κατὰ πρόσωπον Ιουδου

37 Yet, when all was done, Timotheus put another army into the field, and encamped close by Raphon, across the stream. 38 What learned Judas from the scouts he had sent forward? Here were all the neighbouring tribes assembled in great force, 39 with hired support from Arabia besides, camped beyond the stream ready to engage him; so out he marched to offer battle. 40 Wait we, said Timotheus to his captains, till Judas and his army reach yonder stream. Cross he and challenge us, we may not speed; beyond doubt he has the mastery of us. 41 Fear he the passage, and encamp on the further side, then cross we boldly, the day is ours. 42 But Judas, when he drew near the ravine, had muster-masters in attendance by the stream, that were charged to let none linger behind, but send every man across into battle. 43 So he crossed, challenging them, and all the army at his heels, and sure enough the Gentile host was routed at their coming; threw arms away, and sought refuge in the temple at Carnaim.[4] 44 Upon taking the city, he burned its temple to the ground with all that were sheltered in it; so was Carnaim vanquished, and could make head against Juda no more.

37 Post hæc autem verba congregavit Timotheus exercitum alium, et castra posuit contra Raphon trans torrentem. 38 Et misit Judas speculari exercitum: et renuntiaverunt ei, dicentes: Quia convenerunt ad eum omnes gentes quæ in circuitu nostro sunt, exercitus multus nimis: 39 et Arabas conduxerunt in auxilium sibi, et castra posuerunt trans torrentem, parati ad te venire in prælium. Et abiit Judas obviam illis. 40 Et ait Timotheus principibus exercitus sui: Cum appropinquaverit Judas, et exercitus ejus, ad torrentem aquæ: si transierit ad nos prior, non poterimus sustinere eum, quia potens poterit adversum nos; 41 si vero timuerit transire, et posuerit castra extra flumen, transfretamus ad eos, et poterimus adversus illum. 42 Ut autem appropinquavit Judas ad torrentem aquæ, statuit scribas populi secus torrentem, et mandavit eis, dicens: Neminem hominem reliqueritis, sed veniant omnes in prælium. 43 Et transfretavit ad illos prior, et omnis populus post eum, et contritæ sunt omnes gentes a facie eorum, et projecerunt arma sua, et fugerunt ad fanum, quod erat in Carnaim. 44 Et occupavit ipsam civitatem, et fanum succendit igni cum omnibus qui erant in ipso: et oppressa est Carnaim, et non potuit sustinere contra faciem Judæ.

45 καὶ συνήγαγεν Ιουδας πάντα Ισραηλ τοὺς ἐν τῇ Γαλααδίτιδι ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ τέκνα αὐτῶν καὶ τὴν ἀποσκευήν παρεμβολὴν μεγάλην σφόδρα ἐλθεῖν εἰς γῆν Ιουδα 46 καὶ ἦλθον ἕως Εφρων καὶ αὕτη πόλις μεγάλη ἐπὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ ὀχυρὰ σφόδρα οὐκ ἦν ἐκκλῖναι ἀ{P'} αὐτῆς δεξιὰν ἢ ἀριστεράν ἀλ{L'} ἢ διὰ μέσου αὐτῆς πορεύεσθαι 47 καὶ ἀπέκλεισαν αὐτοὺς οἱ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως καὶ ἐνέφραξαν τὰς πύλας λίθοις 48 καὶ ἀπέστειλεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς Ιουδας λόγοις εἰρηνικοῖς λέγων διελευσόμεθα διὰ τῆς γῆς σου τοῦ ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὴν γῆν ἡμῶν καὶ οὐδεὶς κακοποιήσει ὑμᾶς πλὴν τοῖς ποσὶν παρελευσόμεθα καὶ οὐκ ἠβούλοντο ἀνοῖξαι αὐτῷ 49 καὶ ἐπέταξεν Ιουδας κηρύξαι ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ τοῦ παρεμβαλεῖν ἕκαστον ἐν ᾧ ἐστιν τόπῳ 50 καὶ παρενέβαλον οἱ ἄνδρες τῆς δυνάμεως καὶ ἐπολέμησεν τὴν πόλιν ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν ἐκείνην καὶ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα καὶ παρεδόθη ἡ πόλις ἐν χειρὶ αὐτοῦ 51 καὶ ἀπώλεσεν πᾶν ἀρσενικὸν ἐν στόματι ῥομφαίας καὶ ἐξερρίζωσεν αὐτὴν καὶ ἔλαβεν τὰ σκῦλα αὐτῆς καὶ διῆλθεν διὰ τῆς πόλεως ἐπάνω τῶν ἀπεκταμμένων 52 καὶ διέβησαν τὸν Ιορδάνην εἰς τὸ πεδίον τὸ μέγα κατὰ πρόσωπον Βαιθσαν 53 καὶ ἦν Ιουδας ἐπισυνάγων τοὺς ἐσχατίζοντας καὶ παρακαλῶν τὸν λαὸν κατὰ πᾶσαν τὴν ὁδόν ἕως ἦλθεν εἰς γῆν Ιουδα 54 καὶ ἀνέβησαν εἰς ὄρος Σιων ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ καὶ χαρᾷ καὶ προσήγαγον ὁλοκαυτώματα ὅτι οὐκ ἔπεσεν ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐθεὶς ἕως τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι ἐν εἰρήνῃ

45 And now Judas gathered all the Israelites in the Galaad country, high and low, with their wives and children, a whole army of them, to come back with him to Juda. 46 They journeyed safely as far as Ephron, that was a great city and well fortified, the very gate of Juda; turn to right or left they might not, their road lay through the heart of it. 47 And what must they do, the townspeople, but stand to the defence of it, and barricade the entrance with great boulders! Thereupon Judas made peaceful overtures to them; 48 Grant us leave, said he, to make our way through your country to ours, nor any harm shall befall you; we ask but the right of passage, and on foot. But open the gates they would not; 49 so Judas made a cry through the camp, every man should go to the assault,[5] there where he stood; 50 and go to the assault they did, the fighting men of his company. All day and all night they attacked the city, and Judas was given the mastery of it. 51 Never a male creature there but was put to the sword; the city was plundered and pulled down; and so he passed on through the streets of it, all paved with dead men. 52 Jordan they must still cross, there by the great plain that faces Bethsan; 53 and to the last Judas went ever to and fro, rallying the stragglers and encouraging the people on their journey, till the land of Juda was reached. 54 Glad and merry were men’s hearts as they climbed up Sion mountain, and there offered burnt-sacrifice in thanks for their safe home-coming, with never a life lost.[6]

45 Et congregavit Judas universos Israëlitas, qui erant in Galaaditide, a minimo usque ad maximum, et uxores eorum, et natos, et exercitum magnum valde, ut venirent in terram Juda. 46 Et venerunt usque Ephron: et hæc civitas magna in ingressu posita, munita valde, et non erat declinare ab ea dextera vel sinistra, sed per mediam iter erat. 47 Et incluserunt se qui erant in civitate, et obstruxerunt portas lapidibus: et misit ad eos Judas verbis pacificis, 48 dicens: Transeamus per terram vestram, ut eamus in terram nostram: et nemo vobis nocebit, tantum pedibus transibimus. Et nolebant eis aperire. 49 Et præcepit Judas prædicare in castris, ut applicarent unusquisque in quo erat loco: 50 et applicuerunt se viri virtutis, et oppugnavit civitatem illam tota die et tota nocte, et tradita est civitas in manu ejus: 51 et peremerunt omnem masculum in ore gladii, et eradicavit eam, et accepit spolia ejus: et transivit per totam civitatem super interfectos. 52 Et transgressi sunt Jordanem in campo magno, contra faciem Bethsan. 53 Et erat Judas congregans extremos, et exhortabatur populum per totam viam, donec venirent in terram Juda: 54 et ascenderunt in montem Sion cum lætitia, et gaudio, et obtulerunt holocausta, quod nemo ex eis cecidisset donec reverterentur in pace.

55 καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐν αἷς ἦν Ιουδας καὶ Ιωναθαν ἐν γῇ Γαλααδ καὶ Σιμων ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ Γαλιλαίᾳ κατὰ πρόσωπον Πτολεμαίδος 56 ἤκουσεν Ιωσηφ ὁ τοῦ Ζαχαριου καὶ Αζαριας ἄρχοντες τῆς δυνάμεως τῶν ἀνδραγαθιῶν καὶ τοῦ πολέμου οἷα ἐποίησαν 57 καὶ εἶπον ποιήσωμεν καὶ αὐτοὶ ἑαυτοῖς ὄνομα καὶ πορευθῶμεν πολεμῆσαι πρὸς τὰ ἔθνη τὰ κύκλῳ ἡμῶν 58 καὶ παρήγγειλεν τοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς δυνάμεως τῆς με{T'} αὐτῶν καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν ἐπὶ Ιάμνειαν 59 καὶ ἐξῆλθεν Γοργίας ἐκ τῆς πόλεως καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες αὐτοῦ εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτοῖς εἰς πόλεμον 60 καὶ ἐτροπώθη Ιωσηπος καὶ Αζαριας καὶ ἐδιώχθησαν ἕως τῶν ὁρίων τῆς Ιουδαίας καὶ ἔπεσον ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ Ισραηλ εἰς δισχιλίους ἄνδρας 61 καὶ ἐγενήθη τροπὴ μεγάλη ἐν τῷ λαῷ ὅτι οὐκ ἤκουσαν Ιουδου καὶ τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ οἰόμενοι ἀνδραγαθῆσαι 62 αὐτοὶ δὲ οὐκ ἦσαν ἐκ τοῦ σπέρματος τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐκείνων οἷς ἐδόθη σωτηρία Ισραηλ διὰ χειρὸς αὐτῶν

55 So fought Judas and Jonathan in Galaad, and their brother Simon in Galilee at the gates of Ptolemais; 56 meanwhile, what of Joseph son of Zachary, and Azarias, that had charge of the garrison? News came to them of victories gained, and great deeds done, 57 and nothing would serve but they must make a great name for themselves too, by offering battle to the Gentiles round about. 58 So orders went out to the army, to march on Jamnia, 59 where Gorgias and his men came out to meet them. 60 Back fell Joseph and Azarias to the frontiers of Judaea in great disorder, with a loss to Israel of two thousand men; such defeat they brought on our arms, 61 because they would not listen to Judas and his brethren, but must be great warriors like the rest. 62 Not of that race they sprang that should afford Israel deliverance.

55 Et in diebus quibus erat Judas et Jonathas in terra Galaad, et Simon frater ejus in Galilæa contra faciem Ptolemaidis, 56 audivit Josephus Zachariæ filius, et Azarias princeps virtutis, res bene gestas, et prælia quæ facta sunt, 57 et dixit: Faciamus et ipsi nobis nomen, et eamus pugnare adversus gentes quæ in circuitu nostro sunt. 58 Et præcepit his qui erant in exercitu suo, et abierunt Jamniam. 59 Et exivit Gorgias de civitate, et viri ejus obviam illis in pugnam. 60 Et fugati sunt Josephus et Azarias usque in fines Judææ: et ceciderunt illo die de populo Israël ad duo millia viri, et facta est fuga magna in populo: 61 quia non audierunt Judam, et fratres ejus, existimantes fortiter se facturos. 62 Ipsi autem non erant de semine virorum illorum, per quos salus facta est in Israël.

63 καὶ ὁ ἀνὴρ Ιουδας καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ ἐδοξάσθησαν σφόδρα ἔναντι παντὸς Ισραηλ καὶ τῶν ἐθνῶν πάντων οὗ ἠκούετο τὸ ὄνομα αὐτῶν 64 καὶ ἐπισυνήγοντο πρὸς αὐτοὺς εὐφημοῦντες 65 καὶ ἐξῆλθεν Ιουδας καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπολέμουν τοὺς υἱοὺς Ησαυ ἐν τῇ γῇ τῇ πρὸς νότον καὶ ἐπάταξεν τὴν Χεβρων καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας αὐτῆς καὶ καθεῖλεν τὰ ὀχυρώματα αὐτῆς καὶ τοὺς πύργους αὐτῆς ἐνεπύρισεν κυκλόθεν 66 καὶ ἀπῆρεν τοῦ πορευθῆναι εἰς γῆν ἀλλοφύλων καὶ διεπορεύετο τὴν Μαρισαν 67 ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἔπεσον ἱερεῖς ἐν πολέμῳ βουλόμενοι ἀνδραγαθῆσαι ἐν τῷ αὐτοὺς ἐξελθεῖν εἰς πόλεμον ἀβουλεύτως 68 καὶ ἐξέκλινεν Ιουδας εἰς Ἄζωτον γῆν ἀλλοφύλων καὶ καθεῖλεν τοὺς βωμοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ γλυπτὰ τῶν θεῶν αὐτῶν κατέκαυσεν πυρὶ καὶ ἐσκύλευσεν τὰ σκῦλα τῶν πόλεων καὶ ἐπέστρεψεν εἰς γῆν Ιουδα

63 But as for Judas and his company,[7] they were held high in honour, both among Israelite folk, and wherever the renown of them was heard; 64 all flocked to greet them with cries of acclaim. 65 But still he and his brethren would be on the march, reducing the men of Edom in the south country; on Hebron and its daughter townships the blow fell, neither wall nor tower of it but was burned to the ground. 66 Then he moved camp, to march on Philistia, and would make his way through Samaria.[8] 67 Priests there were that took up arms and fell in battle that day, rashly desirous of a warrior’s renown.[9] 68 And now Judas turned aside to Azotus, in the country of the Philistines; altars he pulled down, images of their gods burned to ashes, gave up their cities to plunder, and so came back again to the land of Juda.

63 Et viri Juda magnificati sunt valde in conspectu omnis Israël, et gentium omnium ubi audiebatur nomen eorum. 64 Et convenerunt ad eos fausta acclamantes. 65 Et exivit Judas et fratres ejus, et expugnabant filios Esau in terra quæ ad austrum est, et percussit Chebron et filias ejus: et muros ejus, et turres succendit igni in circuitu. 66 Et movit castra ut iret in terram alienigenarum, et perambulabat Samariam. 67 In die illa ceciderunt sacerdotes in bello, dum volunt fortiter facere, dum sine consilio exeunt in prælium. 68 Et declinavit Judas in Azotum in terram alienigenarum, et diruit aras eorum, et sculptilia deorum ipsorum succendit igni: et cepit spolia civitatum, et reversus est in terram Juda.

[1] Cf. Jos. 6.17, 18 and other passages.

[2] The word ‘Israelite’ is not in the original; but evidently the stronghold was either that mentioned in verse 11 above, or else one in which the Israelites of Bosor had taken refuge.

[3] There is some uncertainty about the names here; ‘Casbon’ is perhaps the ‘Casphor’ of verse 26, and ‘Bosor’ should perhaps be identified with the ‘Barasa’ (in the Greek, Bossora) of the same verse. Bosor has already been destroyed in verse 28.

[4] vv. 40-43. It is not clear whether Timotheus was testing the courage of his opponents, or taking an omen from the course of events (cf. I Kg. 14.9, 10). Perhaps we are not meant to picture the crossing as taking place unopposed.

[5] ‘Go to the assault’; literally, according to the Greek, ‘to encamp’, but cf. the use of the corresponding Hebrew verb in Jos. 10.31 and elsewhere.

[6] Literally, ‘Because none of them had fallen until all returned safe and sound’, cf. note on Mt. 1.25.

[7] ‘Judas and his company’; the Latin here has ‘the men of Juda’, which yields no good sense, ‘Juda’ and ‘Israel’ being convertible terms at this period. The Greek has, ‘the man Judas and his brethren’.

[8] ‘Samaria’ is probably a false reading for Maresa, which lay on the route between Edom and the Philistines.

[9] Most of the Greek manuscripts have a different and very curious reading, ‘Priests there were that fell in battle that day, because he (Judas?) desired to play the warrior, with which design he went into action unadvisedly’.

Knox Translation Copyright © 2013 Westminster Diocese
Nihil Obstat. Father Anton Cowan, Censor.
Imprimatur. +Most Rev. Vincent Nichols, Archbishop of Westminster. 8th January 2012.
Re-typeset and published in 2012 by Baronius Press Ltd