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Daniel 8

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1 ἐν ἔτει τρίτῳ τῆς βασιλείας Βαλτασαρ τοῦ βασιλέως ὅρασις ὤφθη πρός με ἐγὼ Δανιηλ μετὰ τὴν ὀφθεῖσάν μοι τὴν ἀρχήν 2 καὶ ἤμην ἐν Σούσοις τῇ βάρει ἥ ἐστιν ἐν χώρᾳ Αιλαμ καὶ εἶδον ἐν ὁράματι καὶ ἤμην ἐπὶ τοῦ Ουβαλ 3 καὶ ἦρα τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς μου καὶ εἶδον καὶ ἰδοὺ κριὸς εἷς ἑστηκὼς πρὸ τοῦ Ουβαλ καὶ αὐτῷ κέρατα καὶ τὰ κέρατα ὑψηλά καὶ τὸ ἓν ὑψηλότερον τοῦ ἑτέρου καὶ τὸ ὑψηλὸν ἀνέβαινεν ἐ{P'} ἐσχάτων 4 εἶδον τὸν κριὸν κερατίζοντα κατὰ θάλασσαν καὶ βορρᾶν καὶ νότον καὶ πάντα τὰ θηρία οὐ στήσονται ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ ἐξαιρούμενος ἐκ χειρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐποίησεν κατὰ τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐμεγαλύνθη

1 To me, to Daniel, another revelation came, besides that I had first seen. It was now the third year of king Baltassar, 2 and I was at the town of Susa, in Aelam province, but it seemed, in my vision, it was by the gate[1] of Ulai I stood. 3 I looked at what lay before me, and what saw I, at the edge of the marsh, but a ram standing there, with one high-branching horn, and another that grew up after it, but grew higher yet. 4 With those horns it tossed every enemy that came to meet it; west and north and south was never a beast could match it, or escape its attack; no wonder this ram carried all before it, and rose to greatness.

1 Anno tertio regni Baltassar regis, visio apparuit mihi. Ego Daniel, post id quod videram in principio, 2 vidi in visione mea, cum essem in Susis castro, quod est in Ælam regione: vidi autem in visione esse me super portam Ulai. 3 Et levavi oculus meos, et vidi: et ecce aries unus stabat ante paludem, habens cornua excelsa, et unum excelsius altero atque succrescens. Postea 4 vidi arietem cornibus ventilantem contra occidentem, et contra aquilonem, et contra meridiem, et omnes bestiæ non poterant resistere ei, neque liberari de manu ejus: fecitque secundum voluntatem suam, et magnificatus est.

5 καὶ ἐγὼ ἤμην συνίων καὶ ἰδοὺ τράγος αἰγῶν ἤρχετο ἀπὸ λιβὸς ἐπὶ πρόσωπον πάσης τῆς γῆς καὶ οὐκ ἦν ἁπτόμενος τῆς γῆς καὶ τῷ τράγῳ κέρας θεωρητὸν ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ 6 καὶ ἦλθεν ἕως τοῦ κριοῦ τοῦ τὰ κέρατα ἔχοντος οὗ εἶδον ἑστῶτος ἐνώπιον τοῦ Ουβαλ καὶ ἔδραμεν πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐν ὁρμῇ τῆς ἰσχύος αὐτοῦ 7 καὶ εἶδον αὐτὸν φθάνοντα ἕως τοῦ κριοῦ καὶ ἐξηγριάνθη πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ ἔπαισεν τὸν κριὸν καὶ συνέτριψεν ἀμφότερα τὰ κέρατα αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἦν ἰσχὺς τῷ κριῷ τοῦ στῆναι ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔρριψεν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν καὶ συνεπάτησεν αὐτόν καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ ἐξαιρούμενος τὸν κριὸν ἐκ χειρὸς αὐτοῦ 8 καὶ ὁ τράγος τῶν αἰγῶν ἐμεγαλύνθη ἕως σφόδρα καὶ ἐν τῷ ἰσχῦσαι αὐτὸν συνετρίβη τὸ κέρας αὐτοῦ τὸ μέγα καὶ ἀνέβη κέρατα τέσσαρα ὑποκάτω αὐτοῦ εἰς τοὺς τέσσαρας ἀνέμους τοῦ οὐρανοῦ

5 But now, as I looked, came a buck-goat from the west country, earth overshadowing, and spurning the ground beneath him; one horn this goat had between the eyes of him, a horn of noble aspect. 6 Close he came to the ram, the great horned ram I had espied in yonder gateway, and bore down upon it with very furious onslaught. 7 So madly he charged that he overcame the ram and broke either horn of it with one blow; what shift could it make now? Brought down it was and trampled under foot; there was no rescuing it. 8 So now it was the goat’s turn to enjoy dominion; yet no sooner had he reached his full strength, than the great horn was broken, and four other horns must grow up in place of it, fronting the four winds of heaven.

5 Et ego intelligebam: ecce autem hircus caprarum veniebat ab occidente super faciem totius terræ, et non tangebat terram: porro hircus habebat cornu insigne inter oculos suos. 6 Et venit usque ad arietem illum cornutum, quem videram stantem ante portam, et cucurrit ad eum in impetu fortitudinis suæ. 7 Cumque appropinquasset prope arietem, efferatus est in eum, et percussit arietem: et comminuit duo cornua ejus, et non poterat aries resistere ei: cumque eum misisset in terram, conculcavit, et nemo quibat liberare arietem de manu ejus. 8 Hircus autem caprarum magnus factus est nimis: cumque crevisset, fractum est cornu magnum, et orta sunt quatuor cornua subter illud per quatuor ventos cæli.

9 καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ἑνὸς αὐτῶν ἐξῆλθεν κέρας ἓν ἰσχυρὸν καὶ ἐμεγαλύνθη περισσῶς πρὸς τὸν νότον καὶ πρὸς ἀνατολὴν καὶ πρὸς τὴν δύναμιν 10 ἐμεγαλύνθη ἕως τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἄστρων καὶ συνεπάτησεν αὐτά 11 καὶ ἕως οὗ ὁ ἀρχιστράτηγος ῥύσηται τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν καὶ δ{I'} αὐτὸν θυσία ἐρράχθη καὶ ἐγενήθη καὶ κατευοδώθη αὐτῷ καὶ τὸ ἅγιον ἐρημωθήσεται 12 καὶ ἐδόθη ἐπὶ τὴν θυσίαν ἁμαρτία καὶ ἐρρίφη χαμαὶ ἡ δικαιοσύνη καὶ ἐποίησεν καὶ εὐοδώθη 13 καὶ ἤκουσα ἑνὸς ἁγίου λαλοῦντος καὶ εἶπεν εἷς ἅγιος τῷ φελμουνι τῷ λαλοῦντι ἕως πότε ἡ ὅρασις στήσεται ἡ θυσία ἡ ἀρθεῖσα καὶ ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐρημώσεως ἡ δοθεῖσα καὶ τὸ ἅγιον καὶ ἡ δύναμις συμπατηθήσεται 14 καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ἕως ἑσπέρας καὶ πρωὶ ἡμέραι δισχίλιαι καὶ τριακόσιαι καὶ καθαρισθήσεται τὸ ἅγιον

9 It was from one of these a single horn now sprang; a little horn that grew till it outrivalled south and east, aye, and the armies … 10 For the armies of heaven itself it proved a match, bringing heavenly powers down to earth, stars down to earth, and trampling them under foot; 11 a match even for the captain of those armies, that must lose the daily sacrifice offered to him, and look on at the destruction of his sanctuary. 12 Alas for our guilt! That such an enemy, by armed force, should avail against the sacrifice, truth itself should dethrone, and should thrive yet, should prosper yet! 13 This complaint I heard one of God’s servants making to another, I know not who; and when that other asked how long a cessation of sacrifice the vision portended, how long the estranging guilt, and the defeat, and the profanation, 14 Night first, said he, morning after; two thousand three hundred days it will be, ere the sanctuary is cleansed.[2]

9 De uno autem ex eis egressum est cornu unum modicum: et factum est grande contra meridiem, et contra orientem, et contra fortitudinem. 10 Et magnificatum est usque ad fortitudinem cæli: et dejecit de fortitudine, et de stellis, et conculcavit eas. 11 Et usque ad principem fortitudinis magnificatum est: et ab eo tulit juge sacrificium, et dejecit locum sanctificationis ejus. 12 Robur autem datum est ei contra juge sacrificium propter peccata: et prosternetur veritas in terra, et faciet, et prosperabitur. 13 Et audivi unum de sanctis loquentem: et dixit unus sanctus alteri nescio cui loquenti: Usquequo visio, et juge sacrificium, et peccatum desolationis quæ facta est: et sanctuarium, et fortitudo conculcabitur? 14 Et dixit ei: Usque ad vesperam et mane, dies duo millia trecenti: et mundabitur sanctuarium.

15 καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ ἰδεῖν με ἐγὼ Δανιηλ τὴν ὅρασιν καὶ ἐζήτουν σύνεσιν καὶ ἰδοὺ ἔστη ἐνώπιον ἐμοῦ ὡς ὅρασις ἀνδρός 16 καὶ ἤκουσα φωνὴν ἀνδρὸς ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ Ουβαλ καὶ ἐκάλεσεν καὶ εἶπεν Γαβριηλ συνέτισον ἐκεῖνον τὴν ὅρασιν 17 καὶ ἦλθεν καὶ ἔστη ἐχόμενος τῆς στάσεώς μου καὶ ἐν τῷ ἐλθεῖν αὐτὸν ἐθαμβήθην καὶ πίπτω ἐπὶ πρόσωπόν μου καὶ εἶπεν πρός με σύνες υἱὲ ἀνθρώπου ἔτι γὰρ εἰς καιροῦ πέρας ἡ ὅρασις 18 καὶ ἐν τῷ λαλεῖν αὐτὸν με{T'} ἐμοῦ πίπτω ἐπὶ πρόσωπόν μου ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν καὶ ἥψατό μου καὶ ἔστησέν με ἐπὶ πόδας 19 καὶ εἶπεν ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ γνωρίζω σοι τὰ ἐσόμενα ἐ{P'} ἐσχάτων τῆς ὀργῆς ἔτι γὰρ εἰς καιροῦ πέρας ἡ ὅρασις 20 ὁ κριός ὃν εἶδες ὁ ἔχων τὰ κέρατα βασιλεὺς Μήδων καὶ Περσῶν 21 καὶ ὁ τράγος τῶν αἰγῶν βασιλεὺς Ἑλλήνων καὶ τὸ κέρας τὸ μέγα ὃ ἦν ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αὐτοῦ αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ βασιλεὺς ὁ πρῶτος 22 καὶ τοῦ συντριβέντος οὗ ἔστησαν τέσσαρα ὑποκάτω κέρατα τέσσαρες βασιλεῖς ἐκ τοῦ ἔθνους αὐτοῦ ἀναστήσονται καὶ οὐκ ἐν τῇ ἰσχύι αὐτοῦ 23 καὶ ἐ{P'} ἐσχάτων τῆς βασιλείας αὐτῶν πληρουμένων τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν ἀναστήσεται βασιλεὺς ἀναιδὴς προσώπῳ καὶ συνίων προβλήματα 24 καὶ κραταιὰ ἡ ἰσχὺς αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἐν τῇ ἰσχύι αὐτοῦ καὶ θαυμαστὰ διαφθερεῖ καὶ κατευθυνεῖ καὶ ποιήσει καὶ διαφθερεῖ ἰσχυροὺς καὶ λαὸν ἅγιον 25 καὶ ὁ ζυγὸς τοῦ κλοιοῦ αὐτοῦ κατευθυνεῖ δόλος ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ μεγαλυνθήσεται καὶ δόλῳ διαφθερεῖ πολλοὺς καὶ ἐπὶ ἀπωλείας πολλῶν στήσεται καὶ ὡς ᾠὰ χειρὶ συντρίψει 26 καὶ ἡ ὅρασις τῆς ἑσπέρας καὶ τῆς πρωίας τῆς ῥηθείσης ἀληθής ἐστιν καὶ σὺ σφράγισον τὴν ὅρασιν ὅτι εἰς ἡμέρας πολλάς

15 But for me, for Daniel, that saw the vision, understanding of it was none, till one appeared to me that had the semblance of a man, 16 and a voice hailed him from between Ulai gates; For thee it is, Gabriel, to make the vision clear. 17 Came he close, then, to where I was standing; but I, at his coming, fell down in terror, face to earth. Heed thou well, son of man, said he; what here thou seest, in the last days shall be accomplished. 18 But he spoke to one that lay swooning on the ground; so he must put out his hand, and raise me to my feet. 19 Then he went on: I mean to tell thee how all shall fall out when the days of punishment are over; be sure the end of them is fixed. 20 Horned ram of thy vision rules over the Medes and Persians; 21 buck-goat over the realm of Greece, and the great horn between his eyes is first of the Greek kings. 22 Those four others that grew after its breaking are four kings that shall arise, fellow-countrymen of his, but not his peers. 23 These reigning, the world shall go from bad to worse, till a new king comes to the throne, brazen-faced, a master of riddles. 24 Great power shall he wield, though of that first king not the peer, making havoc beyond belief, thriving and prospering. Strength of arms nor holiness of life shall rescue peoples 25 from his will; all shall go well with crafty scheming of his, till his heart grows proud, and he deals death all about him, when peril is none. And at last with the Prince of princes he shall try conclusions; no human hand it shall be that crushes him down at last. 26 Night comes first, then morning; but the revelation made to thee is a true one; seal it up, till those last days when it must have effect.[3]

15 Factum est autem cum viderem ego Daniel visionem, et quærerem intelligentiam: ecce stetit in conspectu meo quasi species viri. 16 Et audivi vocem viri inter Ulai: et clamavit, et ait: Gabriel, fac intelligere istam visionem. 17 Et venit, et stetit juxta ubi ego stabam: cumque venisset, pavens corrui in faciem meam: et ait ad me: Intellige, fili hominis, quoniam in tempore finis complebitur visio. 18 Cumque loqueretur ad me, collapsus sum pronus in terram: et tetigit me, et statuit me in gradu meo, 19 dixitque mihi: Ego ostendam tibi quæ futura sunt in novissimo maledictionis: quoniam habet tempus finem suum. 20 Aries, quem vidisti habere cornua, rex Medorum est atque Persarum. 21 Porro hircus caprarum, rex Græcorum est; et cornu grande, quod erat inter oculos ejus, ipse est rex primus. 22 Quod autem fracto illo surrexerunt quatuor pro eo: quatuor reges de gente ejus consurgent, sed non in fortitudine ejus. 23 Et post regnum eorum, cum creverint iniquitates, consurget rex impudens facie, et intelligens propositiones; 24 et roborabitur fortitudo ejus, sed non in viribus suis: et supra quam credi potest, universa vastabit, et prosperabitur, et faciet. Et interficiet robustos, et populum sanctorum 25 secundum voluntatem suam, et dirigetur dolus in manu ejus: et cor suum magnificabit, et in copia rerum omnium occidet plurimos: et contra principem principum consurget, et sine manu conteretur. 26 Et visio vespere et mane, quæ dicta est, vera est: tu ergo visionem signa, quia post multos dies erit.

27 καὶ ἐγὼ Δανιηλ ἐκοιμήθην καὶ ἐμαλακίσθην ἡμέρας καὶ ἀνέστην καὶ ἐποίουν τὰ ἔργα τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἐθαύμαζον τὴν ὅρασιν καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ συνίων

27 So much he told me; and for many days after I lay sick; when I was on my feet again, I had the king’s business to do, but still I was all dazed by the vision, and there was no interpreting it.

27 Et ego Daniel langui, et ægrotavi per dies: cumque surrexissem, faciebam opera regis, et stupebam ad visionem, et non erat qui interpretaretur.

[1] According to the Hebrew text, ‘the river’, and so in verse 16.

[2] Verses 9-14 (particularly verse 13) are very obscure, and may have suffered from manuscript corruption. At the end of verse 9, the Septuagint Greek has ‘the north’; the Hebrew text ‘the splendour’ (or possibly, ‘the gazelle’); the Latin version ‘the armies’. Perhaps a word has dropped out, and we should read either ‘the armies of heaven’, as in verse 10, or ‘the land of splendour’ as in 11.16. The reference to night and morning in verse 14 is generally interpreted, according to the Hebrew text, of the evening and morning sacrifices. Some think that we should understand an interval of 1,150 days, involving 2,300 sacrifices.

[3] In verses 19-26, the great horn is evidently Alexander of Macedon, who died in b.c. 323, and the little horn presumably Antiochus Epiphanes. The Latin version gives two different translations of the same phrase in verses 22 and 24; but it seems likely that we ought to prefer a uniform interpretation; either ‘not a match for Alexander’s strength’, which suits the context best, or ‘not by means of their (his) own strength’, which is a more natural rendering of the Hebrew. The description of Antiochus Epiphanes is not particularly recognizable.

Knox Translation Copyright © 2013 Westminster Diocese
Nihil Obstat. Father Anton Cowan, Censor.
Imprimatur. +Most Rev. Vincent Nichols, Archbishop of Westminster. 8th January 2012.
Re-typeset and published in 2012 by Baronius Press Ltd