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Jeremiah 46

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1 2 τῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐπὶ δύναμιν Φαραω Νεχαω βασιλέως Αἰγύπτου ὃς ἦν ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ Εὐφράτῃ ἐν Χαρχαμις ὃν ἐπάταξε Ναβουχοδονοσορ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος ἐν τῷ ἔτει τῷ τετάρτῳ Ιωακιμ βασιλέως Ιουδα

1 Here follows the doom which the Lord pronounced to the prophet Jeremias against the nations of the world. 2 And first against Egypt, whose army stood at Charcamis, by the river Euphrates, under its king Pharao Nechao, and there was defeated by Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, in the fourth year of Joachim’s reign over Juda, that was son to Josias.

1 Quod factum est verbum Domini ad Jeremiam prophetam contra gentes. 2 Ad Ægyptum, adversum exercitum Pharaonis Nechao regis Ægypti, qui erat juxta fluvium Euphraten in Charcamis, quem percussit Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis, in quarto anno Joakim filii Josiæ regis Juda.

3 ἀναλάβετε ὅπλα καὶ ἀσπίδας καὶ προσαγάγετε εἰς πόλεμον 4 ἐπισάξατε τοὺς ἵππους ἐπίβητε οἱ ἱππεῖς καὶ κατάστητε ἐν ταῖς περικεφαλαίαις ὑμῶν προβάλετε τὰ δόρατα καὶ ἐνδύσασθε τοὺς θώρακας ὑμῶν 5 τί ὅτι αὐτοὶ πτοοῦνται καὶ ἀποχωροῦσιν ὀπίσω διότι οἱ ἰσχυροὶ αὐτῶν κοπήσονται φυγῇ ἔφυγον καὶ οὐκ ἀνέστρεψαν περιεχόμενοι κυκλόθεν λέγει κύριος 6 μὴ φευγέτω ὁ κοῦφος καὶ μὴ ἀνασῳζέσθω ὁ ἰσχυρός ἐπὶ βορρᾶν τὰ παρὰ τὸν Εὐφράτην ἠσθένησαν πεπτώκασιν

3 Buckler, there, and shield; march we to battle! 4 Yoke steed, and, horsemen, mount; stand to your ranks, helmeted; scour lance, and don breastplate! 5 What means it? Here be cowards turning their backs, here be great warriors slain; pell-mell they flee, and never a glance behind; peril is all around, the Lord says. 6 For the swift no escape, for the strong no prevailing; there in the north, by Euphrates banks, they fail and fall!

3

Præparate scutum et clypeum,
et procedite ad bellum. 4
Jungite equos, et ascendite, equites:
state in galeis, polite lanceas, induite vos loricis. 5
Quid igitur? vidi ipsos pavidos,
et terga vertentes,
fortes eorum cæsos:
fugerunt conciti, nec respexerunt:
terror undique, ait Dominus. 6
Non fugiat velox,
nec salvari se putet fortis:
ad aquilonem juxta flumen Euphraten
victi sunt, et ruerunt.

7 τίς οὗτος ὡς ποταμὸς ἀναβήσεται καὶ ὡς ποταμοὶ κυμαίνουσιν ὕδωρ 8 ὕδατα Αἰγύπτου ὡσεὶ ποταμὸς ἀναβήσεται καὶ εἶπεν ἀναβήσομαι καὶ κατακαλύψω γῆν καὶ ἀπολῶ κατοικοῦντας ἐν αὐτῇ 9 ἐπίβητε ἐπὶ τοὺς ἵππους παρασκευάσατε τὰ ἅρματα ἐξέλθατε οἱ μαχηταὶ Αἰθιόπων καὶ Λίβυες καθωπλισμένοι ὅπλοις καὶ Λυδοί ἀνάβητε ἐντείνατε τόξον 10 καὶ ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκείνη κυρίῳ τῷ θεῷ ἡμῶν ἡμέρα ἐκδικήσεως τοῦ ἐκδικῆσαι τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτοῦ καὶ καταφάγεται ἡ μάχαιρα κυρίου καὶ ἐμπλησθήσεται καὶ μεθυσθήσεται ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτῶν ὅτι θυσία τῷ κυρίῳ σαβαωθ ἀπὸ γῆς βορρᾶ ἐπὶ ποταμῷ Εὐφράτῃ 11 ἀνάβηθι Γαλααδ καὶ λαβὲ ῥητίνην τῇ παρθένῳ θυγατρὶ Αἰγύπτου εἰς κενὸν ἐπλήθυνας ἰάματά σου ὠφέλεια οὐκ ἔστιν σοί 12 ἤκουσαν ἔθνη φωνήν σου καὶ τῆς κραυγῆς σου ἐπλήσθη ἡ γῆ ὅτι μαχητὴς πρὸς μαχητὴν ἠσθένησεν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ ἔπεσαν ἀμφότεροι

7 Can it be a river that comes up in flood, eddies are these of a foaming torrent? 8 Like river in flood, like foaming torrent marches Egypt to battle, threatening to cover earth with its advance, drown city and citizen. 9 Ay, mount horse, dizzily reel the chariot; way there for the warriors, Ethiop and Libyan with their great shields, men of Lydia that ply bow and shoot arrow so well! 10 Alas, not yours the day; this day the Lord, the God of hosts, has chosen for his day of vengeance, when he will take toll of his enemies; fed and glutted his sword shall be, drink deep of men’s blood; here, on Euphrates banks, the Lord, the God of hosts, will claim his sacrifice. 11 Egypt, poor maid, to Galaad betake thee, to find balm for thy wounds! Salve after salve thou wilt try in vain; there is no healing thee. 12 Thy shame has come to all men’s ears, earth echoes with thy lament; warrior leaned upon warrior of thine for support, and they fell both together.

7
Quis est iste, qui quasi flumen ascendit,
et veluti fluviorum intumescunt gurgites ejus? 8
Ægyptus fluminis instar ascendit,
et velut flumina movebuntur fluctus ejus,
et dicet: Ascendens operiam terram:
perdam civitatem, et habitatores ejus. 9
Ascendite equos,
et exsultate in curribus,
et procedant fortes,
Æthiopia et Libyes tenentes scutum,
et Lydii arripientes et jacientes sagittas. 10
Dies autem ille Domini Dei exercituum dies ultionis,
ut sumat vindictam de inimicis suis:
devorabit gladius, et saturabitur,
et inebriabitur sanguine eorum:
victima enim Domini Dei exercituum
in terra aquilonis juxta flumen Euphraten. 11
Ascende in Galaad, et tolle resinam,
virgo filia Ægypti:
frustra multiplicas medicamina:
sanitas non erit tibi. 12
Audierunt gentes ignominiam tuam,
et ululatus tuus replevit terram:
quia fortis impegit in fortem,
et ambo pariter conciderunt.

13 ἃ ἐλάλησεν κύριος ἐν χειρὶ Ιερεμιου τοῦ ἐλθεῖν Ναβουχοδονοσορ τὸν βασιλέα Βαβυλῶνος τοῦ κόψαι τὴν γῆν Αἰγύπτου 14 ἀναγγείλατε εἰς Μάγδωλον καὶ παραγγείλατε εἰς Μέμφιν εἴπατε ἐπίστηθι καὶ ἑτοίμασον ὅτι κατέφαγεν μάχαιρα τὴν σμίλακά σου 15 διὰ τί ἔφυγεν ὁ Ἆπις ὁ μόσχος ὁ ἐκλεκτός σου οὐκ ἔμεινεν ὅτι κύριος παρέλυσεν αὐτόν 16 καὶ τὸ πλῆθός σου ἠσθένησεν καὶ ἔπεσεν καὶ ἕκαστος πρὸς τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ ἐλάλει ἀναστῶμεν καὶ ἀναστρέψωμεν πρὸς τὸν λαὸν ἡμῶν εἰς τὴν πατρίδα ἡμῶν ἀπὸ προσώπου μαχαίρας Ἑλληνικῆς

13 And thus the Lord prophesied to Jeremias the coming of Nabuchodonosor, king of Babylon, and his victory over Egypt. 14 Here is news for Egypt; cry it in Magdalus, wake the echoes of Memphis, in Taphnis tell it abroad! Stand to arms, make ready for battle; thy border countries have fallen a prey to the sword already! 15 Why have thy warriors melted away?[1] Stand they could not, when the Lord was minded to overthrow them. 16 Many he brought to earth; stumbled they, man over his fellow, crying out, Up, to men of our own race return we, to the land of our birth; escape we from the invader’s sword![2]

13 Verbum quod locutus est Dominus ad Jeremiam prophetam, super eo quod venturus esset Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis, et percussurus terram Ægypti: 14

Annuntiate Ægypto, et auditum facite in Magdalo,
et resonet in Memphis, et in Taphnis:
dicite: Sta, et præpara te,
quia devorabit gladius ea quæ per circuitum tuum sunt. 15
Quare computruit fortis tuus?
non stetit, quoniam Dominus subvertit eum. 16
Multiplicavit ruentes,
ceciditque vir ad proximum suum, et dicent:
Surge, et revertamur ad populum nostrum,
et ad terram nativitatis nostræ,
a facie gladii columbæ.

17 καλέσατε τὸ ὄνομα Φαραω Νεχαω βασιλέως Αἰγύπτου Σαω{N-}εσβ{I-}εμωηδ 18 ζῶ ἐγώ λέγει κύριος ὁ θεός ὅτι ὡς τὸ Ἰταβύριον ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσιν καὶ ὡς ὁ Κάρμηλος ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ ἥξει

17 What name shall we give to Pharao? Call him, Din of Battle at Last.[3] 18 By his own life he has sworn it, that King whose name is the Lord of hosts; Pharao’s conqueror is on the way, towering high as Thabor among the hills, as Carmel above the sea.

17
Vocate nomen Pharaonis regis Ægypti:
tumultum adduxit tempus. 18
Vivo ego, inquit Rex (Dominus exercituum nomen ejus),
quoniam sicut Thabor in montibus,
et sicut Carmelus in mari, veniet.

19 σκεύη ἀποικισμοῦ ποίησον σεαυτῇ κατοικοῦσα θύγατερ Αἰγύπτου ὅτι Μέμφις εἰς ἀφανισμὸν ἔσται καὶ κληθήσεται οὐαὶ διὰ τὸ μὴ ὑπάρχειν κατοικοῦντας ἐν αὐτῇ

19 Poor maid of Egypt, an exile’s pack provide thee! A lonely wilderness Memphis shall be, where none may dwell henceforward.

19
Vasa transmigrationis fac tibi,
habitatrix filia Ægypti:
quia Memphis in solitudinem erit,
et deseretur, et inhabitabilis erit.

20 δάμαλις κεκαλλωπισμένη Αἴγυπτος ἀπόσπασμα ἀπὸ βορρᾶ ἦλθεν ἐ{P'} αὐτήν 21 καὶ οἱ μισθωτοὶ αὐτῆς ἐν αὐτῇ ὥσπερ μόσχοι σιτευτοὶ τρεφόμενοι ἐν αὐτῇ διότι καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀπεστράφησαν καὶ ἔφυγον ὁμοθυμαδόν οὐκ ἔστησαν ὅτι ἡμέρα ἀπωλείας ἦλθεν ἐ{P'} αὐτοὺς καὶ καιρὸς ἐκδικήσεως αὐτῶν 22 φωνὴ ὡς ὄφεως συρίζοντος ὅτι ἐν ἄμμῳ πορεύσονται ἐν ἀξίναις ἥξουσιν ἐ{P'} αὐτὴν ὡς κόπτοντες ξύλα 23 ἐκκόψουσιν τὸν δρυμὸν αὐτῆς λέγει κύριος ὁ θεός ὅτι οὐ μὴ εἰκασθῇ ὅτι πληθύνει ὑπὲρ ἀκρίδα καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῖς ἀριθμός 24 κατῃσχύνθη θυγάτηρ Αἰγύπτου παρεδόθη εἰς χεῖρας λαοῦ ἀπὸ βορρᾶ 25 ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐκδικῶ τὸν Αμων τὸν υἱὸν αὐτῆς ἐπὶ Φαραω καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς πεποιθότας ἐ{P'} αὐτῷ 26

20 Fitting emblem of Egypt, a heifer lithe and graceful; from the north a gad-fly[4] shall come to trouble her rest. 21 But those mercenaries of hers that went to and fro like bullocks full-fed, see how they have turned about and taken flight all at once, none ready to stand his ground! The day has come when they are marked down for slaughter; they shall be called to account at last. 22 Loud her voice shall rise above the clash of bronze,[5] now that the invader’s army draws near, pitiless as woodmen that go a-hewing; 23 forest is none so deep they shall not lay it bare, numberless as the locust-swarm. 24 Poor Egypt, all shame and confusion, prey of the northern folk! 25 The Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, has pronounced his doom: I mean to have a reckoning now with Ammon of Thebes,[6] with Pharao and Egypt, with all its gods and all its kings, with Pharao and all who trust in Pharao’s aid! 26 I mean to give them up into the hands of their mortal enemies, Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon and his vassals; then Egypt shall have rest, as Egypt did of old.

20
Vitula elegans atque formosa Ægyptus,
stimulator ab aquilone veniet ei. 21
Mercenarii quoque ejus,
qui versabantur in medio ejus quasi vituli saginati,
versi sunt, et fugerunt simul,
nec stare potuerunt:
quia dies interfectionis eorum venit super eos,
tempus visitationis eorum. 22
Vox ejus quasi æris sonabit:
quoniam cum exercitu properabunt,
et cum securibus venient ei
quasi cædentes ligna. 23
Succiderunt saltum ejus, ait Dominus,
qui supputari non potest:
multiplicati sunt super locustas,
et non est eis numerus. 24
Confusa est filia Ægypti,
et tradita in manu populi aquilonis. 25
Dixit Dominus exercituum, Deus Israël:
Ecce ego visitabo super tumultum Alexandriæ,
et super Pharaonem, et super Ægyptum,
et super deos ejus, et super reges ejus,
et super Pharaonem, et super eos qui confidunt in eo: 26
et dabo eos in manu quærentium animam eorum,
et in manu Nabuchodonosor regis Babylonis,
et in manu servorum ejus:
et post hæc habitabitur sicut diebus pristinis, ait Dominus.

27 σὺ δὲ μὴ φοβηθῇς δοῦλός μου Ιακωβ μηδὲ πτοηθῇς Ισραηλ διότι ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ σῴζων σε μακρόθεν καὶ τὸ σπέρμα σου ἐκ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας αὐτῶν καὶ ἀναστρέψει Ιακωβ καὶ ἡσυχάσει καὶ ὑπνώσει καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ὁ παρενοχλῶν αὐτόν 28 μὴ φοβοῦ παῖς μου Ιακωβ λέγει κύριος ὅτι μετὰ σοῦ ἐγώ εἰμι ὅτι ποιήσω συντέλειαν ἐν παντὶ ἔθνει εἰς οὓς ἐξῶσά σε ἐκεῖ σὲ δὲ οὐ μὴ ποιήσω ἐκλιπεῖν καὶ παιδεύσω σε εἰς κρίμα καὶ ἀθῷον οὐκ ἀθῳώσω σε

27 Have thou no fear, the Lord says, Jacob, that art my servant still; not for Israel is danger brewing. From that far country of exile I mean to restore thee, restore those children of thine; Jacob shall return, and live at ease, every blessing shall enjoy, and enemies have none to fear. 28 For thee no terrors, Jacob that art my servant, the Lord says; am I not at thy side? Of all the lands in which I have dispersed thee I will take full toll, but not of thee; I would but chastise thee with due measures kept, lest I should leave thee altogether acquitted.[7]

27
Et tu ne timeas, serve meus Jacob,
et ne paveas, Israël:
quia ecce ego salvum te faciam de longinquo,
et semen tuum de terra captivitatis tuæ:
et revertetur Jacob, et requiescet,
et prosperabitur, et non erit qui exterreat eum. 28
Et tu noli timere, serve meus Jacob, ait Dominus,
quia tecum ego sum:
quia ego consumam cunctas gentes ad quas ejeci te,
te vero non consumam:
sed castigabo te in judicio,
nec quasi innocenti parcam tibi.

[1] Literally, ‘Why has thy strong one been thrown down’ (in the Latin version, ‘become rotten’). Some think there is an allusion to the god Apis here, perhaps concealed by a false reading.

[2] See note on 25.38.

[3] Literally, ‘The (appointed) time has brought tumult’. The sense of the Hebrew is probably ‘Tumult has passed its appointed time’, perhaps meaning that it is too late now to do anything about it.

[4] If ‘gad-fly’ is the right rendering of a word not found elsewhere, it is impossible not to suspect a reference to the Greek myth of Io (regularly identified with the Egyptian goddess Isis). Io was changed by Zeus into a heifer and pursued by a gad-fly as the result of Hera’s jealousy.

[5] Literally, ‘as if of bronze’. The Hebrew text gives ‘as if of a serpent’.

[6] The Latin version has read the name of the god Ammon as a common noun, ‘multitude’; and, somewhat strangely, identifies the town of No not with Thebes, but with Alexandria, which was founded two centuries after Jeremias’ date.

[7] vv. 27, 28. A repetition of 30.10, 11.

Knox Translation Copyright © 2013 Westminster Diocese
Nihil Obstat. Father Anton Cowan, Censor.
Imprimatur. +Most Rev. Vincent Nichols, Archbishop of Westminster. 8th January 2012.
Re-typeset and published in 2012 by Baronius Press Ltd